Five Different L. Species Ethanol Extracts' Phytochemical Composition and Their Antimicrobial and Nematocide Activity.

Among the plants that exhibit significant or established pharmacological activity, the genus L. deserves special attention. This genus comprises over 500 species belonging to the largest family. Our study aimed at providing a comprehensive evaluation of the phytochemical composition of the ethanol extracts of five different L. species (collected from the southwest of the Russian Federation) and their antimicrobial and nematocide activity as follows: cv. Novichok., cv. Smaragd, cv. Citral, cv. Euxin, and cv. Tavrida. The study of the ethanol extracts of the five different L. species using the methods of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) allowed establishing their phytochemical profile. The obtained data on the of five different L. species ethanol extracts' phytochemical composition were used to predict the antibacterial and antifungal activity against phytopathogenic microorganisms and nematocidal activity against the free-living soil nematode . The major compounds found in the composition of the L. ethanol extracts were monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, coumarins, and phenolic acids. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the extracts began to manifest at a concentration of 150 µg/mL. The cv. Smaragd extract had a selective effect against Gram-positive and bacteria, whereas the cv. Tavrida extract had a selective effect against Gram-negative and bacteria and , and fungi. The cv. Novichok, cv. Smaragd, and cv. Citral extracts in the concentration range of 31.3-1000 µg/mL caused the death of nematodes. It was established that cv. Novichok affects the UNC-63 protein, the molecular target of which is the nicotine receptor of the N-subtype.