Davydova Lilia, Menshova Angelina, Shumatbaev Georgiy, Babaev Vasily, Nikitin Evgeny
Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2024 Aug 22;13(8):785. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13080785.
This study evaluates the antibacterial and antifungal effects of ethanol extracts from L. derived from freshly harvested plant biomass, including stems, leaves, flowers, and roots. The extract was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine its antimicrobial activity against phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi. Two methods were used in the experiments: agar well diffusion and double serial dilution. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with different temperature regimes (25 °C, 45 °C, and 75 °C) and the ultrasonic method at various powers (63-352 W) for different durations (5 and 10 min). It was found that the 70% ethanol extract obtained through the ultrasonic experiment at 189 W power for 10 min and at 252 W power for 5 min had the highest antimicrobial activity compared to the maceration method. The most sensitive components of the extracts were the Gram-positive phytopathogenic bacteria and the Gram-negative phytopathogenic bacteria spp., with MIC values of 156 μg/mL. Among the fungi, the most sensitive were and (MIC values in the range of 78-156 µg/mL). The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of extracts using the diffusion method established the presence of a growth suppression zone in the case of (15-17 mm for flowers, leaves, and total biomass), which corresponds to the average level of antimicrobial activity. These findings suggest that has potential as a source of biologically active compounds for agricultural use, particularly for developing novel biopesticides.
本研究评估了从新鲜收获的植物生物质（包括茎、叶、花和根）中提取的乙醇提取物的抗菌和抗真菌作用。使用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）分析提取物，以确定其对植物病原菌和真菌的抗菌活性。实验中使用了两种方法：琼脂孔扩散法和双倍连续稀释法。采用浸渍法在不同温度条件（25℃、45℃和75℃）下进行提取，并在不同功率（63 - 352W）下采用超声法提取不同时长（5分钟和10分钟）。结果发现，与浸渍法相比，通过超声实验在189W功率下提取10分钟以及在252W功率下提取5分钟所获得的70%乙醇提取物具有最高的抗菌活性。提取物中最敏感的成分是革兰氏阳性植物病原菌和革兰氏阴性植物病原菌spp.，其最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值为156μg/mL。在真菌中，最敏感的是 和 （MIC值在78 - 156μg/mL范围内）。使用扩散法对提取物的抗菌活性进行评估时，发现 （花、叶和总生物质的抑菌圈为15 - 17mm）存在生长抑制区，这与抗菌活性的平均水平相对应。这些发现表明， 有潜力作为农业用生物活性化合物的来源，特别是用于开发新型生物农药。
