Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, PO Sultanpur, District Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Feb 10;266:113420. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113420. Epub 2020 Sep 28.
Artemisia annua L. is a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of malaria, jaundice and intense fever.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the phytochemicals, antioxidants, antimicrobial and synergistic potential of methanolic and petroleum ether extracts of A. annua against bacterial and fungal pathogens.
Antioxidant activity of different concentrations of methanolic and petroleum ether extracts of A. annua was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Antimicrobial activity was determined by agar well diffusion, whereas MIC and synergistic activity was done by broth dilution method.TLC and GC-MS were done to identify active phytocompounds present in methanolic and petroleum ether extracts.
Methanolic extract of A. annua showed higher antioxidant potential (IC50 37 0.75 ± 0.34 μg ml) as compared to petroleum ether extract. In antimicrobial analysis, methanolic and petroleum ether extracts of A. annua produced potent inhibitory activity against Candida strains as compared to bacterial strains. Methanolic and petroleum ether extracts of A. annua produced synergistic potential with decrease in MIC from 4 to 264 folds against bacterial (S. aureus and E. coli) and Candida strains in combination with antibacterial and antifungal antibiotics. Sub fraction I of methanolic and petroleum ether extracts was isolated through silica TLC and showed 10-fold more antimicrobial activity as compared to crude extract. GC-MS analysis of sub-fraction I of A. annua revealed 13 major phytocompounds with area more than 1%. Interestingly, 2-Propenoic acid and ridecyl ester (25.88%) were the major phytocompounds.
Phytocompounds of A. annua can be used as bioenhancer of antibacterial and antifungal agents to control drug resistance.
青蒿是一种传统的中药，用于治疗疟疾、黄疸和高热。
本研究旨在研究青蒿甲醇和石油醚提取物的植物化学成分、抗氧化剂、抗微生物和协同潜力，以对抗细菌和真菌病原体。
通过 DPPH 自由基清除测定法测定不同浓度的青蒿甲醇和石油醚提取物的抗氧化活性。通过琼脂孔扩散法测定抗微生物活性，而 MIC 和协同活性则通过肉汤稀释法进行。TLC 和 GC-MS 用于鉴定甲醇和石油醚提取物中存在的活性植物化合物。
与石油醚提取物相比，青蒿甲醇提取物表现出更高的抗氧化潜力（IC50 为 37±0.34μg/ml）。在抗微生物分析中，青蒿甲醇和石油醚提取物对念珠菌菌株的抑制活性强于细菌菌株。与细菌（金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌）和念珠菌菌株联合使用时，青蒿甲醇和石油醚提取物产生协同潜力，使 MIC 从 4 倍降低至 264 倍，与抗菌和抗真菌抗生素联合使用。通过硅胶 TLC 分离出青蒿甲醇和石油醚提取物的亚馏分 I，其抗微生物活性比粗提物高 10 倍。GC-MS 分析青蒿亚馏分 I 表明，有 13 种主要植物化合物的面积超过 1%。有趣的是，2-丙烯酸和 ridecyl 酯（25.88%）是主要的植物化合物。
青蒿的植物化合物可作为抗菌和抗真菌药物的生物增强剂，以控制耐药性。
