González-Villagra Jorge, Bravo León A, Reyes-Díaz Marjorie, Cohen Jerry D, Ribera-Fonseca Alejandra, López-Olivari Rafael, Jorquera-Fontena Emilio, Tighe-Neira Ricardo
Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco P.O. Box 15-D, Chile.
Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco P.O. Box 15-D, Chile.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Sep 15;12(18):3279. doi: 10.3390/plants12183279.
Salicylic acid (SA) application is a promising agronomic tool. However, studies under field conditions are required, to confirm the potential benefits of SA. Thus, SA application was evaluated under field conditions for its effect on abscisic acid levels, antioxidant related-parameters, fruit quality, and yield in subjected to different levels of irrigation. During two growing seasons, three-year-old plants under field conditions were subjected to full irrigation (FI: 100% of reference evapotranspiration (ETo), and deficit irrigation (DI: 60% ETo). During each growth season, a single application of 0.5 mM SA was performed at fruit color change by spraying fruits and leaves of both irrigation treatments. The results showed that DI plants experienced moderate water stress (-1.3 MPa), which increased ABA levels and oxidative stress in the leaves. The SA application facilitated the recovery of all physiological parameters under the DI condition, increasing fruit fresh weight by 44%, with a 27% increase in fruit dry weight, a 1 mm increase in equatorial diameter, a 27% improvement in yield per plant and a 27% increase in total yield, with lesser oxidative stress and tissue ABA levels in leaves. Also, SA application significantly increased (by about 10%) the values of fruit trait variables such as soluble solids, total phenols, and antioxidant activity, with the exceptions of titratable acidity and total anthocyanins, which did not vary. The results demonstrated that SA application might be used as an agronomic strategy to improve fruit yield and quality, representing a saving of 40% regarding water use.
水杨酸（SA）处理是一种很有前景的农艺手段。然而，需要在田间条件下进行研究，以证实SA的潜在益处。因此，在田间条件下评估了SA处理对不同灌溉水平下脱落酸水平、抗氧化相关参数、果实品质和产量的影响。在两个生长季节中，对田间条件下的三年生植株进行充分灌溉（FI：参考蒸发散量（ETo）的100%）和亏缺灌溉（DI：ETo的60%）。在每个生长季节，在果实变色期通过对两种灌溉处理的果实和叶片进行喷雾，单次施用0.5 mM SA。结果表明，DI处理的植株经历了中度水分胁迫（-1.3 MPa），这增加了叶片中的脱落酸水平和氧化应激。SA处理促进了DI条件下所有生理参数的恢复，使果实鲜重增加44%，果实干重增加27%，赤道直径增加1 mm，单株产量提高27%，总产量增加27%，同时叶片中的氧化应激和组织脱落酸水平降低。此外，SA处理显著提高了果实性状变量的值，如可溶性固形物、总酚和抗氧化活性（提高约10%），但可滴定酸度和总花青素除外，它们没有变化。结果表明，SA处理可作为一种农艺策略来提高果实产量和品质，在水分利用方面可节省40%。
