School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
PLoS One. 2023 Oct 5;18(10):e0291575. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291575. eCollection 2023.
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have significantly lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared to the general population and patients with other heart diseases. The research emphasis on the influence of AF symptoms on HRQoL overshadows the role of individual characteristics. To address this gap, this study's purpose was to test an incremental predictive model for AF-related HRQoL following an adapted HRQoL conceptual model that incorporates both symptoms and individual characteristics.
Patients attending an AF specialty clinic were invited to complete an online survey. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine whether individual characteristics (overall mental health, perceived stress, sex, age, AF knowledge, household and recreational physical activity) incremented prediction of HRQoL and AF treatment satisfaction beyond AF symptom recency and overall health.
Of 196 participants (mean age 65.3 years), 63% were male and 90% were Caucasian. Most reported 'excellent' or 'good' overall and mental health, had high overall AF knowledge scores, had low perceived stress scores, and had high household and recreation physical activity. The mean overall AF Effect On Quality-Of-Life Questionnaire (AFEQT) and AF treatment satisfaction scores were 70.62 and 73.84, respectively. Recency of AF symptoms and overall health accounted for 29.6% of the variance in overall HRQoL and 20.2% of the variance in AF treatment satisfaction. Individual characteristics explained an additional 13.6% of the variance in overall HRQoL and 7.6% of the variance in AF treatment satisfaction. Perceived stress and household physical activity were the largest contributors to overall HRQoL, whereas age and AF knowledge made significant contributions to AF treatment satisfaction.
Along with AF symptoms and overall health, individual characteristics are important predictors of HRQoL and AF treatment satisfaction in AF patients. In particular, perceived stress and household physical activity could further be targeted as potential areas to improve HRQoL.
与一般人群和其他心脏病患者相比，患有心房颤动（AF）的患者的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）明显较低。研究重点关注 AF 症状对 HRQoL 的影响，而忽略了个体特征的作用。为了解决这一差距，本研究旨在测试一个基于适应性 HRQoL 概念模型的 AF 相关 HRQoL 的增量预测模型，该模型同时包含症状和个体特征。
邀请在 AF 专科诊所就诊的患者完成在线调查。进行层次回归分析，以检验个体特征（整体心理健康、感知压力、性别、年龄、AF 知识、家庭和娱乐性体力活动）是否在 AF 症状近期和整体健康状况之外，对 HRQoL 和 AF 治疗满意度的预测有增量作用。
在 196 名参与者（平均年龄 65.3 岁）中，63%为男性，90%为白种人。大多数人报告整体和心理健康状况“优秀”或“良好”，AF 总体知识得分较高，感知压力得分较低，家庭和娱乐性体力活动水平较高。平均整体 AF 对生活质量问卷（AFEQT）和 AF 治疗满意度评分分别为 70.62 和 73.84。AF 症状的近期和整体健康状况分别解释了整体 HRQoL 变异性的 29.6%和 AF 治疗满意度变异性的 20.2%。个体特征进一步解释了整体 HRQoL 变异性的 13.6%和 AF 治疗满意度变异性的 7.6%。感知压力和家庭体力活动是整体 HRQoL 的最大贡献者，而年龄和 AF 知识对 AF 治疗满意度有显著贡献。
除了 AF 症状和整体健康状况外，个体特征也是 AF 患者 HRQoL 和 AF 治疗满意度的重要预测因素。特别是，感知压力和家庭体力活动可能进一步成为提高 HRQoL 的潜在目标。
