Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 Sep 19;14:1227138. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1227138. eCollection 2023.
Autoimmunity and inflammation are the main characteristics of rheumatic diseases and have both been found to be related to glaucoma. However, it remains unclear whether rheumatic diseases increase the risk of glaucoma. Here, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal effects of six common rheumatic diseases on glaucoma.
Six rheumatic diseases were included: ankylosing spondylitis (AS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sicca syndrome/Sjögren's sydrome (SS), dermatomyositis (DM), and gout. Glaucoma included primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Genetic variants associated with these rheumatic diseases and glaucoma were extracted from the genome-wide association studies and FinnGen8 database, respectively. First, a two-sample MR was used to investigate the potential causal association. Then, a multivariable MR was conducted to further verify the results. Inverse-variance weighted MR analysis was used as the main method, together with several sensitivity analyses.
Two-sample MR suggests that AS is related to a higher risk of both POAG [odds ratio (OR): 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13-1.44; = 1.1 × 10] and PACG (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.09-2.09, = 1.4 × 10). Multivariable MR shows a similar trend of the effect of AS on POAG (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.22-1.90, = 1.9 × 10) and PACG (OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.06-3.95, = 3.2 × 10). No significant association was observed between the other five rheumatic diseases and glaucoma.
AS is related to an increased risk of POAG and PACG. We stress the importance of glaucoma screening for AS patients.
自身免疫和炎症是风湿性疾病的主要特征，两者均与青光眼有关。然而，风湿性疾病是否会增加青光眼的风险尚不清楚。在这里，我们进行了孟德尔随机分析（MR），以研究六种常见风湿性疾病对青光眼的因果影响。
纳入的六种风湿性疾病包括：强直性脊柱炎（AS）、类风湿关节炎（RA）、系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）、干燥综合征/斯耶格伦综合征（SS）、皮肌炎（DM）和痛风。青光眼包括原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）和原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）。与这些风湿性疾病和青光眼相关的遗传变异分别从全基因组关联研究和芬兰遗传研究 8 数据库中提取。首先，使用两样本 MR 来研究潜在的因果关联。然后，进行多变量 MR 以进一步验证结果。反方差加权 MR 分析是主要方法，同时进行了几种敏感性分析。
两样本 MR 表明，AS 与 POAG[比值比（OR）：1.28，95%置信区间（CI）：1.13-1.44； = 1.1 × 10]和 PACG（OR：1.55，95% CI：1.09-2.09， = 1.4 × 10）的风险升高有关。多变量 MR 显示 AS 对 POAG（OR：1.52，95% CI：1.22-1.90， = 1.9 × 10）和 PACG（OR：2.05，95% CI：1.06-3.95， = 3.2 × 10）的影响也有类似的趋势。其他五种风湿性疾病与青光眼之间没有观察到显著关联。
AS 与 POAG 和 PACG 的风险增加有关。我们强调对 AS 患者进行青光眼筛查的重要性。
