Kongbuamai Nattapan, Hashemizadeh Ali, Cheung Virginia, Bui Dang Hong
School of Management, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.
Office of Border Economy and Logistics Study (OBELS), Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.
Heliyon. 2023 Sep 4;9(9):e19835. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19835. eCollection 2023 Sep.
In the trend of globalization, economic and social benefits of air transportation (AIR) are not indisputable. However, AIR's environmental impacts are still a controversial issue. While previous studies had shown that air transportation contributed to air pollution by emitting CO, lack of studies consider the effects of air transportation on ecological system. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between air transportation and ecological footprint as well as CO emissions in the case of APEC countries, which is leading in the growth rate of air transport activities. Applying regression with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors for a data set from 1992 to 2015, our research provides evidence that: (i) air transportation increases CO emissions but this impact is negligible; (ii) air transportation contributes significantly in reducing ecological footprint of APEC countries; and (iii) globalization reduces both CO emissions and ecological footprint. In addition, Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test helps to confirm the bidirectional causality relationship between air transportation and ecological footprint. Meanwhile, unidirectional causality runs from air transportation to carbon emissions. Based on these conclusions, some policy suggestions are given for APEC countries.
在全球化趋势下，航空运输的经济和社会效益并非无可争议。然而，航空运输对环境的影响仍是一个有争议的问题。虽然先前的研究表明航空运输通过排放一氧化碳导致空气污染，但缺乏关于航空运输对生态系统影响的研究。因此，本研究调查了在航空运输活动增长率领先的亚太经合组织（APEC）国家中，航空运输与生态足迹以及碳排放之间的关系。对1992年至2015年的数据集应用带有德里斯柯尔 - 克拉伊标准误差的回归分析，我们的研究提供了以下证据：（i）航空运输增加了碳排放，但这种影响微不足道；（ii）航空运输对减少亚太经合组织国家的生态足迹有显著贡献；（iii）全球化减少了碳排放和生态足迹。此外，杜米特雷斯库 - 赫尔林因果关系检验有助于确认航空运输与生态足迹之间的双向因果关系。同时，存在从航空运输到碳排放的单向因果关系。基于这些结论，为亚太经合组织国家提出了一些政策建议。
