Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Appetite. 2023 Dec 1;191:107080. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107080. Epub 2023 Oct 11.
It is unknown how family meal quantity (i.e., frequency) and quality (i.e., meal healthfulness and interpersonal quality) are associated with child, parent, and family health and well-being over time. This study aimed to examine longitudinal associations between family meal quantity and quality and child, parent, and family health and well-being and whether there was a synergistic effect between family meal quantity and quality. Children ages 5-9 and their parents from six racial/ethnic groups participated in this longitudinal cohort study. Regression models adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics examined family meal quantity, interpersonal quality, and nutritional quality at baseline and interactions between quantity and quality, in relation to changes in child, parent, and family health outcomes from baseline to 18-month follow-up. Higher family meal quantity predicted reduced obesity prevalence, improved diet quality and less food fussiness, food responsiveness, and conduct problems among children at follow-up. Higher family meal quality predicted improved diet quality, lower emotional problems, less food responsiveness, and fewer peer relationship problems among children, improved diet quality and reduced psychological distress for parents, and less family chaos at follow-up. One interaction between family meal quantity and quality was found for child peer relationship problems. Overall, family meal quantity and quality were independently important for child health and well-being and for some parent and family health outcomes. Clinicians working with families may want to emphasize the importance of both family meal quantity and quality, as these longitudinal findings suggest potential benefits for the entire family.
目前尚不清楚家庭用餐的数量（即用餐频率）和质量（即膳食健康度和人际质量）如何随着时间的推移与儿童、父母和家庭的健康和幸福相关。本研究旨在探讨家庭用餐数量和质量与儿童、父母和家庭健康和幸福之间的纵向关联，以及家庭用餐数量和质量之间是否存在协同效应。来自六个种族/族裔群体的 5-9 岁儿童及其父母参加了这项纵向队列研究。回归模型调整了社会人口特征，考察了基线时家庭用餐数量、人际质量和营养质量，以及数量与质量之间的相互作用，与从基线到 18 个月随访时儿童、父母和家庭健康结果的变化有关。较高的家庭用餐量预示着儿童在随访时肥胖患病率降低、饮食质量提高、食物挑剔、食物反应性和行为问题减少。较高的家庭用餐质量预示着儿童的饮食质量提高、情绪问题减少、食物反应性降低、同伴关系问题减少，父母的饮食质量提高、心理困扰减少，家庭混乱程度降低。发现家庭用餐数量和质量之间存在一个相互作用，与儿童同伴关系问题有关。总体而言，家庭用餐数量和质量对儿童的健康和幸福以及一些父母和家庭健康结果都很重要。与家庭合作的临床医生可能希望强调家庭用餐数量和质量的重要性，因为这些纵向研究结果表明，这对整个家庭都可能有潜在的好处。
