一个健康的家庭食品环境：在家庭混乱和父母压力下，这有可能实现吗？
A healthful home food environment: Is it possible amidst household chaos and parental stress?
机构信息
School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, 5-160 Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA.
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South Second Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA.
出版信息
Appetite. 2019 Nov 1;142:104391. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104391. Epub 2019 Aug 1.
PURPOSE
This study examines how household chaos and unmanaged parental stress are associated with and contribute to variance in markers of the home food environment (family meal frequency, perceived barriers to cooking, healthful home food availability). Obtaining a better understanding of these relationships could guide more effective family-based interventions to promote healthful home food environments.
METHODS
The analytic sample included 819 households with children in the population-based Project EAT-IV cohort with survey data from 2015 to 2016. Multiple linear regression was used to generate means and 95% confidence intervals of home food environment variables, and estimates for the contribution of household chaos (defined by frenetic activity, loud noises and disorder), and quartiles of unmanaged parental stress (ratio of perceived stress and ability to manage stress). Model fit was also examined.
RESULTS/FINDINGS: Both household chaos and quartiles of unmanaged parental stress were independently and inversely associated with family meal frequency (p's < 0.001) and positively associated with perceived mealtime preparation barriers (p's < 0.001). Unmanaged parental stress was also inversely associated with healthful home food availability (p = 0.004). Models including demographic characteristics, household chaos scores, and quartiles of unmanaged parental stress index showed significantly improved model fit for all outcomes compared to less comprehensive models. Among families with high chaos, those having 7 + family meals/week were significantly more likely to have lower mealtime preparation barrier scores, younger children and higher healthful home food availability scores than families eating together less often.
CONCLUSIONS
Interventions to assist with parental management of stress and chaos within the home environment (e.g., establishing routines) may increase family meal frequency and the quality of children's home food environments.
目的
本研究考察了家庭混乱和未得到管理的父母压力如何与家庭食物环境的标志物（家庭用餐频率、烹饪感知障碍、健康家庭食物可得性）的变化相关联，并促成这些变化。更好地理解这些关系可以指导更有效的以家庭为基础的干预措施，以促进健康的家庭食物环境。
方法
分析样本包括来自基于人群的 EAT-IV 项目的 819 户有孩子的家庭，其调查数据来自 2015 年至 2016 年。采用多元线性回归生成家庭食物环境变量的平均值和 95%置信区间，以及家庭混乱（由狂热活动、大声喧哗和无序定义）和未得到管理的父母压力四分位数（感知压力与管理压力能力之比）的贡献估计值。还检查了模型拟合情况。
结果/发现：家庭混乱和未得到管理的父母压力四分位数均与家庭用餐频率呈独立负相关（p 值均<0.001），与用餐准备感知障碍呈正相关（p 值均<0.001）。未得到管理的父母压力与健康家庭食物可得性呈负相关（p=0.004）。与较不全面的模型相比，纳入人口统计学特征、家庭混乱评分和未得到管理的父母压力指数四分位数的模型对所有结果的模型拟合度均有显著改善。在混乱程度较高的家庭中，每周有 7 次或更多家庭用餐的家庭，在用餐准备障碍评分、子女年龄较小和健康家庭食物可得性评分方面，较不常一起用餐的家庭更有可能较低。
结论
干预措施可以协助父母在家环境中管理压力和混乱（例如，建立日常惯例），这可能会增加家庭用餐频率和孩子家庭食物环境的质量。
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