Bantle J P, Laine D C, Thomas J W
JAMA. 1986 Dec 19;256(23):3241-6.
To learn more about the metabolic effects of dietary fructose and sucrose, 12 type I and 12 type II diabetic subjects were fed three isocaloric (or isoenergic) diets for eight days each according to a randomized, crossover design. The three diets provided, respectively, 21% of the energy as fructose, 23% of the energy as sucrose, and almost all carbohydrate energy as starch. The fructose diet resulted in significantly lower one- and two-hour postprandial plasma glucose levels, overall mean plasma glucose levels, and urinary glucose excretion in both type I and type II subjects than did the starch diet. There were no significant differences between the sucrose and starch diets in any of the measures of glycemic control in either subject group. The fructose and sucrose diets did not significantly increase serum triglyceride values when compared with the starch diet, but both increased postprandial serum lactate levels. We conclude that short-term replacement of other carbohydrate sources in the diabetic diet with fructose will improve glycemic control, whereas replacement with sucrose will not aggravate glycemic control.
为了更多地了解膳食果糖和蔗糖的代谢作用，根据随机交叉设计，让12名I型糖尿病患者和12名II型糖尿病患者分别食用三种等热量（或等能量）饮食，每种饮食持续八天。这三种饮食分别提供21%的能量来自果糖、23%的能量来自蔗糖，以及几乎所有碳水化合物能量来自淀粉。与淀粉饮食相比，I型和II型患者食用果糖饮食后，餐后1小时和2小时的血浆葡萄糖水平、总体平均血浆葡萄糖水平以及尿糖排泄均显著降低。在任何血糖控制指标方面，蔗糖饮食和淀粉饮食在两个受试组中均无显著差异。与淀粉饮食相比，果糖和蔗糖饮食并未显著提高血清甘油三酯值，但两者均会增加餐后血清乳酸水平。我们得出结论，糖尿病饮食中用果糖短期替代其他碳水化合物来源将改善血糖控制，而用蔗糖替代则不会加重血糖控制。
