Xie Zhongwei, Du Junhua, Gan Mailin, Zhou Chengpeng, Li Menglin, Liu Chengming, Wang Meng, Chen Lei, Zhao Ye, Wang Yan, Jiang Yanzhi, Cheng Wenqiang, Zhu Kangping, Luo Yi, Zhu Li, Shen Linyuan
Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Sep 28;14:1266042. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1266042. eCollection 2023.
Choline is an essential nutrient for pig development and plays a role in the animal's growth performance, carcass characteristics, and reproduction aspects in weaned pigs and sows. However, the effect of choline on finishing pigs and its potential regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Here, we feed finishing pigs with 1% of the hydrochloride salt of choline, such as choline chloride (CHC), under a basic diet condition for a short period of time (14 days). A 14-day supplementation of CHC significantly increased final weight and carcass weight while having no effect on carcass length, average backfat, or eye muscle area compared with control pigs. Mechanically, CHC resulted in a significant alteration of gut microbiota composition in finishing pigs and a remarkably increased relative abundance of bacteria contributing to growth performance and health, including Prevotella, Ruminococcaceae, and Eubacterium. In addition, untargeted metabolomics analysis identified 84 differently abundant metabolites in the liver between CHC pigs and control pigs, of which most metabolites were mainly enriched in signaling pathways related to the improvement of growth, development, and health. Notably, there was no significant difference in the ability of oxidative stress resistance between the two groups, although increased bacteria and metabolites keeping balance in reactive oxygen species showed in finishing pigs after CHC supplementation. Taken together, our results suggest that a short-term supplementation of CHC contributes to increased body weight gain and carcass weight of finishing pigs, which may be involved in the regulation of gut microbiota and alterations of liver metabolism, providing new insights into the potential of choline-mediated gut microbiota/metabolites in improving growth performance, carcass characteristics, and health.
胆碱是猪生长发育所必需的营养物质，对断奶仔猪和母猪的生长性能、胴体特性及繁殖性能均有影响。然而，胆碱对育肥猪的作用及其潜在调控机制尚不清楚。在此，我们在基础日粮条件下，短期（14天）给育肥猪饲喂1%的胆碱盐酸盐，如氯化胆碱（CHC）。与对照猪相比，14天的CHC添加显著增加了育肥猪的末重和胴体重，而对胴体长、平均背膘厚或眼肌面积没有影响。从机制上讲，CHC导致育肥猪肠道微生物群组成发生显著改变，并且对生长性能和健康有促进作用的细菌，包括普雷沃氏菌、瘤胃球菌科和真杆菌的相对丰度显著增加。此外，非靶向代谢组学分析确定了CHC处理猪和对照猪肝脏中84种丰度不同的代谢物，其中大多数代谢物主要富集在与生长、发育和健康改善相关的信号通路中。值得注意的是，两组之间的抗氧化应激能力没有显著差异，尽管CHC添加后育肥猪体内细菌增加且活性氧保持平衡的代谢物有所增加。综上所述，我们的结果表明，短期补充CHC有助于增加育肥猪的体重增加和胴体重，这可能与肠道微生物群的调节和肝脏代谢的改变有关，为胆碱介导的肠道微生物群/代谢物在改善生长性能、胴体特性和健康方面的潜力提供了新的见解。
