Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.
Environmental and Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.
Mil Med Res. 2023 Oct 18;10(1):48. doi: 10.1186/s40779-023-00477-5.
Physiological and biochemical processes across tissues of the body are regulated in response to the high demands of intense physical activity in several occupations, such as firefighting, law enforcement, military, and sports. A better understanding of such processes can ultimately help improve human performance and prevent illnesses in the work environment.
To study regulatory processes in intense physical activity simulating real-life conditions, we performed a multi-omics analysis of three biofluids (blood plasma, urine, and saliva) collected from 11 wildland firefighters before and after a 45 min, intense exercise regimen. Omics profiles post- versus pre-exercise were compared by Student's t-test followed by pathway analysis and comparison between the different omics modalities.
Our multi-omics analysis identified and quantified 3835 proteins, 730 lipids and 182 metabolites combining the 3 different types of samples. The blood plasma analysis revealed signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabolism to meet energy demands. The urine analysis showed a strong, concomitant regulation of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabolites, reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fluid balance. In saliva, we observed a decrease in 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial peptides. A systematic literature review identified 6 papers that support an altered susceptibility to respiratory infection.
This study shows simultaneous regulatory signatures in biofluids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical activity with possible effects on increased infection susceptibility, suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases could benefit workers on highly physical demanding jobs.
在消防、执法、军事和体育等多个职业中，身体各组织的生理和生化过程会根据高强度体力活动的高要求进行调节。更好地了解这些过程最终有助于提高人类的表现并预防工作环境中的疾病。
为了在模拟真实生活条件的高强度体力活动中研究调节过程，我们对 11 名野外消防员在进行 45 分钟剧烈运动前后采集的三种生物流体（血浆、尿液和唾液）进行了多组学分析。通过学生 t 检验比较运动前后的组学图谱，然后进行途径分析，并比较不同组学模式之间的差异。
我们的多组学分析结合三种不同类型的样本，共鉴定和定量了 3835 种蛋白质、730 种脂质和 182 种代谢物。血浆分析显示组织损伤和急性修复反应的特征，伴随着增强的碳代谢以满足能量需求。尿液分析显示肾素-血管紧张素系统中 8 种鉴定出的蛋白质中的 6 种同时受到强烈调节，支持增加代谢物的排泄、营养物质的重吸收和液体平衡的维持。在唾液中，我们观察到 3 种促炎细胞因子减少和 8 种抗菌肽增加。系统文献回顾确定了 6 篇支持呼吸感染易感性改变的论文。
这项研究显示了在高强度体力活动期间生物流体中同时存在的调节特征，表明在生理需求高的工作中，可能会增加感染的易感性，因此谨慎对待呼吸道疾病可能会使体力劳动者受益。
