Brito D V C, Esteves F, Rajado A T, Silva N, Araújo I, Bragança J, Castelo-Branco P, Nóbrega C
Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, Faro, Portugal.
Algarve Biomedical Center- (ABC), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, Faro, Portugal.
NPJ Aging. 2023 Oct 19;9(1):23. doi: 10.1038/s41514-023-00120-6.
As life expectancy continues to increase worldwide, age-related dysfunction will largely impact our societies in the future. Aging is well established to promote the deterioration of cognitive function and is the primary risk factor for the development of prevalent neurological disorders. Even in the absence of dementia, age-related cognitive decline impacts specific types of memories and brain structures in humans and animal models. Despite this, preclinical and clinical studies that investigate age-related changes in brain physiology often use largely different methods, which hinders the translational potential of findings. This review seeks to integrate what is known about age-related changes in the brain with analogue cognitive tests used in humans and rodent studies, ranging from "pen and paper" tests to virtual-reality-based paradigms. Finally, we draw parallels between the behavior paradigms used in research compared to the enrollment into clinical trials that aim to study age-related cognitive decline.
随着全球预期寿命持续增长，与年龄相关的功能障碍在未来将对我们的社会产生重大影响。衰老已被充分证实会促进认知功能衰退，并且是常见神经疾病发生的主要风险因素。即使在没有痴呆症的情况下，与年龄相关的认知衰退也会影响人类和动物模型中特定类型的记忆和脑结构。尽管如此，研究大脑生理年龄相关变化的临床前和临床研究通常使用大不相同的方法，这阻碍了研究结果的转化潜力。本综述旨在将已知的大脑年龄相关变化与人类和啮齿动物研究中使用的类似认知测试相结合，范围从“纸笔”测试到基于虚拟现实的范式。最后，我们比较了研究中使用的行为范式与旨在研究与年龄相关的认知衰退的临床试验的入组情况。
