Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Office of Clinical Trials Administration, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 Oct 6;14:1278011. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1278011. eCollection 2023.
Cancer receives enduring international attention due to its extremely high morbidity and mortality. Immunotherapy, which is generally expected to overcome the limits of traditional treatments, serves as a promising direction for patients with recurrent or metastatic malignancies. Bacteria-based vectors such as take advantage of their unique characteristics, including preferential infection of host antigen presenting cells, intracellular growth within immune cells, and intercellular dissemination, to further improve the efficacy and minimize off-target effects of tailed immune treatments. can reshape the tumor microenvironment to bolster the anti-tumor effects both through the enhancement of T cells activity and a decrease in the frequency and population of immunosuppressive cells. Modified has been employed as a tool to elicit immune responses against different tumor cells. Currently, vaccine alone is insufficient to treat all patients effectively, which can be addressed if combined with other treatments, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, reactivated adoptive cell therapy, and radiotherapy. This review summarizes the recent advances in the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of vaccine in anti-tumor immunity, and discusses the most concerned issues for future research.
由于极高的发病率和死亡率，癌症一直受到国际上的持续关注。免疫疗法被普遍认为能够克服传统治疗方法的局限性，是复发性或转移性恶性肿瘤患者的一个有前途的治疗方向。基于细菌的载体，如 ，利用其独特的特性，包括优先感染宿主抗原呈递细胞、在免疫细胞内生长和细胞间传播，进一步提高了疗效，并最大限度地减少了尾部免疫治疗的脱靶效应。 可以重塑肿瘤微环境，通过增强 T 细胞的活性和减少免疫抑制细胞的频率和数量来增强抗肿瘤作用。经过修饰的 已被用作引发针对不同肿瘤细胞免疫反应的工具。目前，单独使用 疫苗不足以有效地治疗所有患者，如果与其他治疗方法（如免疫检查点抑制剂、再激活过继细胞疗法和放射疗法）联合使用，就可以解决这个问题。本综述总结了 疫苗参与抗肿瘤免疫的分子机制的最新进展，并讨论了未来研究中最受关注的问题。
