Clinical Medicine (Eight-Year Program), West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi 563002, China.
Biosensors (Basel). 2023 Sep 26;13(10):907. doi: 10.3390/bios13100907.
Biological parameters extracted from electrical signals from various body parts have been used for many years to analyze the human body and its behavior. In addition, electrical signals from cancer cell lines, normal cells, and viruses, among others, have been widely used for the detection of various diseases. Single-cell parameters such as cell and cytoplasmic conductivity, relaxation frequency, and membrane capacitance are important. There are many techniques available to characterize biomaterials, such as nanotechnology, microstrip cavity resonance measurement, etc. This article reviews single-cell isolation and sorting techniques, such as the micropipette separation method, separation and sorting system (dual electrophoretic array system), DEPArray sorting system (dielectrophoretic array system), cell selector sorting system, and microfluidic and valve devices, and discusses their respective advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, it summarizes common single-cell electrical manipulations, such as single-cell amperometry (SCA), electrical impedance sensing (EIS), impedance flow cytometry (IFC), cell-based electrical impedance (CEI), microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and integrated microelectrode array (IMA). The article also enumerates the application and significance of single-cell electrochemical analysis from the perspectives of CTC liquid biopsy, recombinant adenovirus, tumor cells like lung cancer DTCs (LC-DTCs), and single-cell metabolomics analysis. The paper concludes with a discussion of the current limitations faced by single-cell analysis techniques along with future directions and potential application scenarios.
多年来，人们一直从各种身体部位的电信号中提取生物参数，用于分析人体及其行为。此外，癌细胞系、正常细胞和病毒等产生的电信号也被广泛用于各种疾病的检测。细胞和细胞质电导率、弛豫频率和膜电容等单细胞参数非常重要。有许多技术可用于表征生物材料，如纳米技术、微带腔谐振测量等。本文综述了单细胞分离和分选技术，如微管分离法、分离和分选系统（双电泳阵列系统）、DEPArray 分选系统（介电泳阵列系统）、细胞选择器分选系统和微流控和阀装置，并讨论了它们各自的优缺点。此外，还总结了常见的单细胞电操作，如单细胞安培法（SCA）、阻抗传感（EIS）、阻抗流式细胞术（IFC）、基于细胞的阻抗（CEI）、微机电系统（MEMS）和集成微电极阵列（IMA）。本文还从液体活检、重组腺病毒、肺癌 DTC（LC-DTC）等肿瘤细胞以及单细胞代谢组学分析的角度，列举了单细胞电化学分析的应用和意义。最后，本文讨论了单细胞分析技术目前面临的局限性以及未来的发展方向和潜在的应用场景。
