Hernández Alejandra Díaz, Martín Casado Ana María, Gómez-Polo Miguel, Viñuela Alicia Celemín, Gómez-Polo Cristina
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Oct 16;16(20):6710. doi: 10.3390/ma16206710.
No gingival shade guide exists that can be used as a 'gold standard' in gingival shade selection. This research, therefore, aimed to determine whether comparable results in subjective gingival shade selection can be achieved using basic gingival colours produced by distinct manufacturers. It also aimed to explore how coverage of the colour space is affected by mixing these basic colours to create additional shades. To achieve these objectives, the basic gingival colours of three ceramic systems (Heraceram, Kulzer, Madrid, Spain; Vita VM9, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany; IPS Style, Ivoclar, Schaan, Liechtenstein) were analysed. The colour systems were expanded by creating porcelain gingival samples, whose colours were obtained by mixing the basic colours, altering each mixture by increments of 10%, and respecting the numerical order used by manufacturers to identify the colours. The colour coordinates of the basic and additional colours were recorded using spectrophotometry, and the intra- and inter-system colour differences were calculated using the Euclidean (ΔE) and CIEDE2000 (ΔE) formulae. None of the basic colours in the three systems, despite their similar nomenclature, were found to be interchangeable (the colour differences exceeded the gingival acceptability threshold: ΔE 2.9 units). The expanded gingival colour systems, with mixtures altered by 10% increments, notably increased the gingival colour space covered by the original systems. The authors concluded that there are clear differences between the basic gingival colours produced by distinct manufacturers using the same nomenclature. Ceramic samples produced by mixing basic gingival colours are a resource with the potential to improve subjective gingival shade matching.
目前尚无牙龈比色板可作为牙龈颜色选择的“金标准”。因此，本研究旨在确定使用不同制造商生产的基本牙龈颜色在主观牙龈颜色选择中是否能获得可比的结果。它还旨在探讨将这些基本颜色混合以创造更多色调如何影响颜色空间的覆盖范围。为实现这些目标，分析了三种陶瓷系统（西班牙马德里库尔泽公司的贺利氏陶瓷；德国巴特萨克京维塔公司的维他 VM9；列支敦士登沙恩义获嘉公司的 IPS Style）的基本牙龈颜色。通过制作烤瓷牙龈样本扩展颜色系统，其颜色通过混合基本颜色获得，每次混合增加 10%，并遵循制造商用于识别颜色的数字顺序。使用分光光度法记录基本颜色和新增颜色的颜色坐标，并使用欧几里得（ΔE）和 CIEDE2000（ΔE）公式计算系统内和系统间的颜色差异。尽管三种系统中的基本颜色命名相似，但未发现它们可互换（颜色差异超过牙龈可接受阈值：ΔE 2.9 单位）。以 10%增量改变混合物的扩展牙龈颜色系统显著增加了原始系统覆盖的牙龈颜色空间。作者得出结论，使用相同命名法的不同制造商生产的基本牙龈颜色之间存在明显差异。通过混合基本牙龈颜色生产的陶瓷样本是一种有可能改善主观牙龈颜色匹配的资源。
