Zoungrana Linda Ines, Didik Steven, Wang Hao, Slotabec Lily, Li Ji
Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.
Front Neurosci. 2023 Oct 13;17:1251017. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1251017. eCollection 2023.
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders that is characterized by recurrent seizures, and depending on the type of seizure, it could lead to a severe outcome. Epilepsy's mechanism of development is not fully understood yet, but some of the common features of the disease are blood-brain barrier disruption, microglia activation, and neuroinflammation. Those are also targets of activated protein C (APC). In fact, by downregulating thrombin, known as a pro-inflammatory, APC acts as an anti-inflammatory. APC is also an anti-apoptotic protein, instance by blocking p53-mediated apoptosis. APC's neuroprotective effect could prevent blood-brain barrier dysfunction by acting on endothelial cells. Furthermore, through the downregulation of proapoptotic, and proinflammatory genes, APC's neuroprotection could reduce the effect or prevent epilepsy pathogenesis. APC's activity acts on blood-brain barrier disruption, inflammation, and apoptosis and causes neurogenesis, all hallmarks that could potentially treat or prevent epilepsy. Here we review both Activated Protein C and epilepsy mechanism, function, and the possible association between them.
癫痫是最常见的神经系统疾病之一，其特征为反复发作的癫痫发作，根据癫痫发作类型的不同，可能会导致严重后果。癫痫的发病机制尚未完全明确，但该疾病的一些常见特征包括血脑屏障破坏、小胶质细胞激活和神经炎症。这些也是活化蛋白C（APC）的作用靶点。事实上，通过下调被认为具有促炎作用的凝血酶，APC发挥抗炎作用。APC还是一种抗凋亡蛋白，例如通过阻断p53介导的凋亡。APC的神经保护作用可通过作用于内皮细胞来预防血脑屏障功能障碍。此外，通过下调促凋亡和促炎基因，APC的神经保护作用可减轻或预防癫痫发病机制。APC的活性作用于血脑屏障破坏、炎症和凋亡，并引发神经发生，所有这些特征都有可能治疗或预防癫痫。在此，我们综述活化蛋白C与癫痫的机制、功能以及它们之间可能存在的关联。
