Department of Pediatrics, Tongren Hospital, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China.
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2023 Dec;55(6):423-433. doi: 10.1007/s10863-023-09990-7. Epub 2023 Oct 31.
The marker genes associated with white adipocytes and brown adipocytes have been previously identified; however, these markers have not been updated in several years, and the differentiation process of preadipocytes remains relatively fixed. Consequently, there has been a lack of exploration into alternative differentiation schemes. In this particular study, we present a transcriptional signature specific to brown adipocytes and white adipocytes. Notably, our findings reveal that ZNF497, ZIC1, ZFY, UTY, USP9Y, TXLNGY, TTTY14, TNNT3, TNNT2, TNNT1, TNNI1, TNNC1, TDRD15, SOX11, SLN, SFRP2, PRKY, PAX3KLHL40, PAX3, INKA2-AS1, SOX11, and TDRD15 exhibit high expression levels in brown adipocytes. XIST, HOXA10, PCAT19, HOXA7, PLSCR3, and AVPR1A exhibited high expression levels in white adipocytes, suggesting their potential as novel marker genes for the transition from white to brown adipocytes. Furthermore, our analysis revealed the coordinated activation of several pathways, including the PPAR signaling pathway, focal adhesion, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and thermogenesis pathways, in brown adipocytes. Moreover, in contrast to prevailing culture techniques, we conducted a comparative analysis of the differentiation protocols for white preadipocytes and brown preadipocytes, revealing that the differentiation outcome remained unaffected by the diverse culture schemes employed. However, the expression levels of certain marker genes in both adipocyte types were found to be altered. This investigation not only identified potential novel marker genes for adipocytes but also examined the impact of different differentiation methods on preadipocyte maturation. Consequently, these findings offer significant insights for further research on the differentiation processes of diverse adipocyte subtypes.
先前已经鉴定出与白色脂肪细胞和棕色脂肪细胞相关的标记基因；然而，这些标记物已经有好几年没有更新了，而且前脂肪细胞的分化过程仍然相对固定。因此，对于替代分化方案的探索一直较少。在这项特定的研究中，我们提出了一个专门针对棕色脂肪细胞和白色脂肪细胞的转录特征。值得注意的是，我们的研究结果表明，ZNF497、ZIC1、ZFY、UTY、USP9Y、TXLNGY、TTTY14、TNNT3、TNNT2、TNNT1、TNNI1、TNNC1、TDRD15、SOX11、SLN、SFRP2、PRKY、PAX3KLHL40、PAX3、INKA2-AS1、SOX11 和 TDRD15 在棕色脂肪细胞中表达水平较高。XIST、HOXA10、PCAT19、HOXA7、PLSCR3 和 AVPR1A 在白色脂肪细胞中表达水平较高，表明它们可能成为白色脂肪细胞向棕色脂肪细胞转化的新型标记基因。此外，我们的分析还揭示了几个信号通路的协调激活，包括 PPAR 信号通路、焦点粘连、逆行内源性大麻素信号通路、氧化磷酸化、PI3K-Akt 信号通路和生热途径，这些通路在棕色脂肪细胞中都被激活。此外，与现有的培养技术不同，我们对白色前体脂肪细胞和棕色前体脂肪细胞的分化方案进行了比较分析，结果表明，不同的培养方案对分化结果没有影响。然而，两种脂肪细胞类型中的某些标记基因的表达水平发生了改变。这项研究不仅鉴定出了潜在的新型脂肪细胞标记基因，还研究了不同分化方法对前体脂肪细胞成熟的影响。因此，这些发现为进一步研究不同脂肪细胞亚型的分化过程提供了重要的见解。
