Stadnicka Sabina Katarzyna, Zarzycka Danuta
Departament of Obstetrics and Ginecology Didactics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland.
Departament of Pediatric Nursing, Ass. Prof, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
BMC Nurs. 2023 Oct 31;22(1):412. doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01564-7.
The aim of this paper is to present the research results on the perception of the professional self-image by Polish nurses and midwives as well as the psychometric adaptation of the Belimage scale.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to November 2018. The study group consisted of 670 clinical practice nurses and midwives. A diagnostic survey method was applied using the Belimage questionnaire after it obtained acceptable psychometric properties through an adaptation procedure.
In the group of respondents, the professional image of nurses and midwives is dominated by instrumental skills, documentation and organization of care, and communication skills. There is a statistically significant difference in the image of these two professions in terms of the ability to think and act creatively and critically, as well as innovation and evidence-based practice. The respondents' opinion regarding the perception of their image by themselves and society is statistically significant in each of the analyzed areas. In the professional image created by the public, nurses and midwives recognize that being a nurse/midwife is a vocation-277 (41.3%). However, in terms of their self-image, most nurses and midwives consider their work to be hard-442 (66%) and poorly paid-445 (66.4%). In the psychometric validation process, the Belimage questionnaire retained the original item structure, and the reliability of the subscales assessed with the Cronbach's alpha coefficient ranged from 0.845 to 0.730.
The professional image of nurses and midwives varies depending on the profession and the perspective of the assessment in relation to themselves and society. The study showed a particularly unfavorable social image of nurses and midwives, which significantly influences the outlook of nurses and midwives themselves on this issue.
本文旨在呈现波兰护士和助产士对职业自我形象的认知研究结果，以及Belimage量表的心理测量学适应性。
于2018年1月至11月进行了一项横断面调查。研究组由670名临床实践护士和助产士组成。在Belimage问卷通过适应性程序获得可接受的心理测量学特性后，采用诊断性调查方法使用该问卷。
在受访者群体中，护士和助产士的职业形象以工具性技能、护理记录与组织以及沟通技能为主导。在创造性和批判性思考及行动能力、创新和循证实践方面，这两个职业的形象存在统计学上的显著差异。在每个分析领域，受访者对自己和社会对其形象的认知的看法具有统计学意义。在公众塑造的职业形象方面，护士和助产士认为成为护士/助产士是一种使命的有277人（41.3%）。然而，就他们的自我形象而言，大多数护士和助产士认为他们的工作辛苦的有442人（66%），薪酬低的有445人（66.4%）。在心理测量学验证过程中，Belimage问卷保留了原始项目结构，用克朗巴哈α系数评估的子量表的信度范围为0.845至0.730。
护士和助产士的职业形象因职业以及相对于自身和社会的评估视角而异。该研究显示护士和助产士的社会形象尤其不利，这在很大程度上影响了护士和助产士自身对这个问题的看法。
