Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Institut universitaire de cardiologie et pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ) Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2024 Mar 1;49(3):350-359. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0053. Epub 2023 Nov 8.
To evaluate the effects of high dairy (HD) (≥4 servings/day), compared to adequate dairy (AD) (2-3 servings/day as per Canada's Food Guide for Healthy Eating (2007)), on blood pressure (BP) and measures of arterial stiffness in hyperinsulinemic subjects. In this cross-over clinical trial, hyperinsulinemic adults were randomized to AD and HD for 6 weeks. Anthropometric, glycemic, and lipid parameters were analyzed and dietary intake was evaluated; BP, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and measures of arterial stiffness were assessed. Twenty-seven participants completed the study. Dairy intake was 2.2 ± 1.2 servings/day during AD. In addition, lower total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were observed without significant change in BP or arterial stiffness between before and after AD. During HD, the subjects consumed 5.8 ± 1.9 servings/day of dairy products, providing a higher intake of protein, saturated fat, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and potassium compared to the baseline diet. After the HD, subjects had higher body fat, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and triglycerides without altering BP or arterial stiffness compared to before HD. Overall, adequate or high intake of total dairy did not modify BP or arterial stiffness in hyperinsulinemic adults after 6 weeks.
评估高乳制品（HD）（≥4 份/天）与适量乳制品（AD）（按照加拿大 2007 年健康饮食指南为 2-3 份/天）对高胰岛素血症患者血压（BP）和动脉僵硬程度的影响。在这项交叉临床试验中，高胰岛素血症成年人被随机分配到 AD 和 HD 组，每组持续 6 周。分析了人体测量、血糖和血脂参数，并评估了饮食摄入情况；评估了 BP、颈股脉搏波速度、增强指数和动脉僵硬程度。27 名参与者完成了研究。AD 期间，乳制品摄入量为 2.2±1.2 份/天。此外，在 AD 前后，总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇有所下降，但 BP 或动脉僵硬无明显变化。在 HD 期间，受试者每天食用 5.8±1.9 份乳制品，与基线饮食相比，提供了更高的蛋白质、饱和脂肪、钙、磷、钠和钾的摄入量。在 HD 之后，与 HD 之前相比，受试者的体脂、空腹胰岛素、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）和甘油三酯更高，但 BP 或动脉僵硬没有改变。总的来说，高胰岛素血症成年人在 6 周后，高或适量的总乳制品摄入量不会改变 BP 或动脉僵硬程度。
