Department of Public Health, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA 95053, USA.
Latino Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 210 W. 24th Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Oct 25;20(21):6974. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20216974.
Organized childcare is an ideal setting to promote gross motor development in young children from low-income minority families. A three-group clustered randomized controlled trial was conducted in Head Start centers serving low-income Latino children to evaluate the impact of an 8-month comprehensive obesity-prevention intervention on children's percentile scores for locomotive skills (LS pctl) and ball skills (BS pctl), and general motor quotient (GMQ). Trained Head Start staff delivered the center-based intervention (CBI) to modify center physical activity and nutrition policies, staff practices, and child behaviors, while the home-based intervention (HBI) offered training and support to parents for obesity prevention at home. Participants were 3-year-old children ( = 310; 87% Latino; 58% female) enrolled in Head Start centers in South Texas. Twelve centers were randomized (1:1:1 ratio) to receive CBI, CBI and HBI (CBI + HBI), or control treatment. Posttest data were collected from 79.1% of participants. All gross motor development measures improved significantly for children in CBI compared to the control, while children in CBI + HBI only showed improvement for GMQ ( = 0.09) and LS pctl ( < 0.001) compared to the control. A comprehensive and culturally competent intervention targeting childcare centers and children's homes was effective at improving children's gross motor development and reducing disparities in child development.
有组织的儿童保育是促进来自低收入少数族裔家庭的幼儿大运动发展的理想环境。在为低收入拉丁裔儿童服务的 Head Start 中心进行了一项三群组聚类随机对照试验，以评估为期 8 个月的综合肥胖预防干预对儿童运动技能百分位数得分（LS pctl）和球技百分位数得分（BS pctl）以及一般运动商数（GMQ）的影响。经过培训的 Head Start 工作人员提供基于中心的干预（CBI），以修改中心的体育活动和营养政策、工作人员的实践以及儿童的行为，而基于家庭的干预（HBI）则为父母提供在家中预防肥胖的培训和支持。参与者是南德克萨斯州 Head Start 中心的 3 岁儿童（n = 310；87%为拉丁裔；58%为女性）。12 个中心随机分为接受 CBI、CBI 和 HBI（CBI + HBI）或对照治疗（1:1:1 比例）。从 79.1%的参与者中收集了测试后数据。与对照组相比，接受 CBI 的儿童的所有大运动发展指标均显著提高，而接受 CBI + HBI 的儿童仅在 GMQ（= 0.09）和 LS pctl（< 0.001）方面与对照组相比有所提高。针对儿童保育中心和儿童家庭的全面和文化上适应的干预措施有效改善了儿童的大运动发展，并减少了儿童发展方面的差异。
