Liang Wenzi, Ni Na, Huang Yuxin, Lin Changmin
Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Nov 1;15(21):4301. doi: 10.3390/polym15214301.
The inability of wounds to heal effectively through normal repair has become a burden that seriously affects socio-economic development and human health. The therapy of acute and chronic skin wounds still poses great clinical difficulty due to the lack of suitable functional wound dressings. It has been found that dressings made of polyurethane exhibit excellent and diverse biological properties, but lack the functionality of clinical needs, and most dressings are unable to dynamically adapt to microenvironmental changes during the healing process at different stages of chronic wounds. Therefore, the development of multifunctional polyurethane composite materials has become a hot topic of research. This review describes the changes in physicochemical and biological properties caused by the incorporation of different polymers and fillers into polyurethane dressings and describes their applications in wound repair and regeneration. We listed several polymers, mainly including natural-based polymers (e.g., collagen, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid), synthetic-based polymers (e.g., polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyacrylamide), and some other active ingredients (e.g., LL37 peptide, platelet lysate, and exosomes). In addition to an introduction to the design and application of polyurethane-related dressings, we discuss the conversion and use of advanced functional dressings for applications, as well as future directions for development, providing reference for the development and new applications of novel polyurethane dressings.
伤口无法通过正常修复有效愈合已成为严重影响社会经济发展和人类健康的负担。由于缺乏合适的功能性伤口敷料，急性和慢性皮肤伤口的治疗仍然面临巨大的临床困难。已发现由聚氨酯制成的敷料具有优异且多样的生物学特性，但缺乏临床所需的功能，并且大多数敷料无法在慢性伤口不同阶段的愈合过程中动态适应微环境变化。因此，多功能聚氨酯复合材料的开发已成为研究热点。本综述描述了将不同聚合物和填料加入聚氨酯敷料中所引起的物理化学和生物学特性变化，并描述了它们在伤口修复和再生中的应用。我们列举了几种聚合物，主要包括天然基聚合物（如胶原蛋白、壳聚糖和透明质酸）、合成基聚合物（如聚乙二醇、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯酰胺）以及一些其他活性成分（如LL37肽、血小板裂解物和外泌体）。除了介绍聚氨酯相关敷料的设计和应用外，我们还讨论了先进功能敷料的转化和应用，以及未来的发展方向，为新型聚氨酯敷料的开发和新应用提供参考。
