Postgraduate Programme in Collective Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2023 Nov 1;15(21):4640. doi: 10.3390/nu15214640.
This study aimed to identify the dietary patterns (DPs) of adolescents and assess indicators of subclinical inflammation. It was a cross-sectional study aligned with the RPS cohort with data from São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. We evaluated 511 adolescents between 18-19 years old. DPs were identified with a factor analysis of the principal components. Nutritional status was assessed with body mass index and body fat percentages. Hierarchical modeling was performed using a linear regression to estimate the beta coefficient (β) of the independent variables with the dependent variables interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Five DPs were identified: energy-dense, sugar-sweetened beverages and breakfast cereals, prudent, traditional Brazilian and alcoholic and energy beverages. Greater adherence to the prudent DP was associated with a lower concentration of interleukin-6 (β = -0.11; value = 0.040). Greater adherence to the DP "traditional Brazilian" and "alcoholic and energy beverages" were associated with increased IL-6, mediated by the nutritional status. A higher BMI (β = 0.36; value = <0.001) and %BF (β = 0.02; value = 0.014) were associated with higher hs-CRP concentrations. The nutritional status and "prudent" pattern were associated with inflammatory biomarkers. These findings show that a higher consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods and the adequacy of the nutritional status are protective factors for the inflammatory process.
本研究旨在确定青少年的饮食模式（DPs），并评估亚临床炎症的指标。这是一项与 RPS 队列相吻合的横断面研究，数据来自巴西马拉尼昂州圣路易斯。我们评估了 511 名 18-19 岁的青少年。通过主成分因子分析确定 DPs。通过体质指数和体脂百分比评估营养状况。使用线性回归进行层次建模，以估计独立变量的β系数（β）与依赖变量白细胞介素-6 和高敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）。确定了五种 DPs：能量密集型、含糖饮料和早餐谷物、谨慎、传统巴西和酒精及能量饮料。更严格遵循谨慎 DP 与白细胞介素-6 浓度降低相关（β = -0.11； 值 = 0.040）。DP“传统巴西”和“酒精及能量饮料”的更高依从性与 IL-6 增加相关，这是由营养状况介导的。更高的 BMI（β = 0.36； 值 <0.001）和 %BF（β = 0.02； 值 = 0.014）与更高的 hs-CRP 浓度相关。营养状况和“谨慎”模式与炎症生物标志物相关。这些发现表明，更高的新鲜和最低限度加工食品的消费以及营养状况的充足性是炎症过程的保护因素。
