Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Management Center, Qidong People's Hospital, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Affiliated Qidong Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Remote ECG Diagnostic Center, Qidong People's Hospital, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Affiliated Qidong Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Oct 30;14:1283626. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1283626. eCollection 2023.
This study sought to examine the impacts of a high dietary fiber cereal meal in comparison to conventional dietary management for diabetes on body weight, distribution of adipose tissue, and cardiovascular risk among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
A cohort of 120 patients diagnosed with T2DM was enlisted as the study population and divided into two groups using a ratio of 2:1-namely, the W group (n=80) and the U group (n=40). The U group (control) received usual diet, while the W group (intervention) incorporated a high dietary fiber cereal meal in place of their regular staple food in addition to adhering to conventional diabetes dietary recommendations. The high dietary fiber cereal meal was based on whole grains, traditional Chinese medicinal foods, and prebiotics. A subsequent follow-up period of 3 months ensued, during which diverse parameters such as body mass index (BMI),waist-hip ratio (WHR), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),fasting blood glucose(FBG),C-peptide levels, blood pressure, blood lipids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP),10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and Lifetime CVD risk were assessed before and after the intervention.
Among the participants, a total of 107 successfully completed the intervention and follow-up, including 72 individuals from the W group and 35 from the U group. Following the intervention, both cohorts exhibited decrease in BMI, WHR, HbA1c, FBG, blood pressure, and blood lipid levels in contrast to their initial measurements. Remarkably, the improvements in BMI, WHR, HbA1c, FBG, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), the ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C), and the ratio of 2-hour C-peptide (2hCP) to fasting C-peptide (FCP) were more marked within the W group, exhibiting statistically significant disparities (<0.05) in comparison to the U group. Furthermore, the levels of hsCRP declined among individuals in the W group, while the U group experienced an elevation.10-year CVD risk reduction were similar in the two groups. While, Lifetime CVD risk only decreased significantly in the W group.
The intervention centred on a cereal-based dietary approach showcased favourable outcomes with regard to body weight, adipose distribution, and cardiovascular risk in overweight individuals grappling with T2DM.
本研究旨在比较高膳食纤维谷物餐与常规糖尿病饮食管理对 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者体重、脂肪组织分布和心血管风险的影响。
招募了 120 名确诊为 T2DM 的患者作为研究对象，采用 2:1 的比例分为两组，即 W 组（n=80）和 U 组（n=40）。U 组（对照组）接受常规饮食，而 W 组（干预组）在遵循常规糖尿病饮食建议的基础上，用高膳食纤维谷物餐代替常规主食。高膳食纤维谷物餐以全谷物、传统中药食品和益生元为基础。随后进行了 3 个月的随访，在此期间，评估了体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹血糖（FBG）、C 肽水平、血压、血脂、高敏 C 反应蛋白（hsCRP）、10 年心血管疾病（CVD）风险和终生 CVD 风险等参数。
在参与者中，共有 107 人成功完成了干预和随访，其中 W 组 72 人，U 组 35 人。干预后，两组的 BMI、WHR、HbA1c、FBG、血压和血脂水平均较初始测量值有所下降。值得注意的是，与 U 组相比，W 组的 BMI、WHR、HbA1c、FBG、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、甘油三酯与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值（TG/HDL-C）和 2 小时 C 肽（2hCP）与空腹 C 肽（FCP）比值的改善更为显著，差异具有统计学意义（<0.05）。此外，W 组 hsCRP 水平下降，而 U 组 hsCRP 水平升高。两组 10 年 CVD 风险降低相似，但 W 组终生 CVD 风险仅显著降低。
以谷物为基础的饮食干预在超重的 T2DM 患者中，在体重、脂肪分布和心血管风险方面显示出良好的效果。
