Li Yingying, Yuan Huiqian, Liu Xianlin, Su Langjun, Yang Chunhong, Chen Chao, Li Chunyang
Department of Psychiatry, Shunde WuZhongpei Memorial Hospital, Foshan, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Oct 30;14:1284567. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1284567. eCollection 2023.
The aim of this study was to analyze whether the presence of psychotic symptoms affects olfactory function in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). We also compared olfactory function between the period of episode and remission in patients with BD.
BD patients in the acute phase were tracked to the remission stage. The psychiatric symptoms and social function of the enrolled subjects were assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Global Assessment Function (GAF). Olfactory sensitivity (OS) and olfactory identification (OI) was assessed using the Sniffin' Sticks test. Differences in OS and OI among the episodic group, the euthymic group, and the healthy control (HC) group were compared. According to whether BD is accompanied by psychotic symptoms, the OS and OI in the BD with psychotic symptoms group (P-BD), the BD without psychotic symptoms group (NP-BD), and the HC group were compared.
The P-BD and NP-BD groups exhibited impaired OI compared with the HC group, but there was no significant difference in OI between the P-BD and NP-BD groups, or in OS among all three groups. All patients with episodic BD had significantly lower OS and OI compared with the HC group. OI in euthymic BD patients was still impaired; however, OS recovered, showing no significant difference compared with that in the HC group.
The results indicate that patients with episodic BD have impaired OS and OI, regardless of psychotic symptoms. OI may be a characteristic marker of BD, and OS may be a state marker that can be used to distinguish between episodic and euthymic BD.
本研究旨在分析双相情感障碍（BD）患者中精神病性症状的存在是否会影响嗅觉功能。我们还比较了BD患者发作期和缓解期的嗅觉功能。
对急性期的BD患者进行追踪直至缓解期。使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、杨氏躁狂量表（YMRS）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）和总体功能评估（GAF）评估纳入受试者的精神症状和社会功能。使用嗅觉棒测试评估嗅觉敏感度（OS）和嗅觉识别能力（OI）。比较发作期组、心境正常组和健康对照组（HC）之间OS和OI的差异。根据BD是否伴有精神病性症状，比较伴有精神病性症状的BD组（P-BD）、不伴有精神病性症状的BD组（NP-BD）和HC组的OS和OI。
与HC组相比，P-BD组和NP-BD组的OI受损，但P-BD组和NP-BD组之间的OI无显著差异，三组之间的OS也无显著差异。与HC组相比，所有发作期BD患者的OS和OI均显著降低。心境正常的BD患者的OI仍受损；然而，OS恢复，与HC组相比无显著差异。
结果表明，无论有无精神病性症状，发作期BD患者的OS和OI均受损。OI可能是BD的一个特征性标志物，而OS可能是一个可用于区分发作期和心境正常期BD的状态标志物。
