Awla Naza Jalal, Naqishbandi Alaadin M, Baqi Younis
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001, Iraq.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Postal Code 123 Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2023 Oct 27;6(11):1715-1723. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00171. eCollection 2023 Nov 10.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become an increasing global health problem, which leads to cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. extracts have been reported to possess several biological activities. In this study, an ethyl acetate extract prepared from seeds of the Iraqi Kurdistan region was analyzed to identify its chemical constituents. Subsequently, its potential for the prevention and treatment of MetS was studied in a rat model induced by a high-fat/high-fructose diet (HFD/F). Silydianin and silychristin were the most abundant flavonolignan constituents (39.4%) identified in the extract (SMEE). HFD/F-induced rats treated with SMEE exhibited preventive effects including reduced serum triglyceride levels (TG), decreased glucose levels in an oral glucose tolerance test ( < 0.001), attenuated weight gain, and reduced blood pressure compared to the untreated control group. Therapeutic application of SMEE after inducing MetS led to lowering of TG ( < 0.001) and glucose levels, in addition to reducing weight gain and normalizing blood pressure ( < 0.005). Thus, extract rich in silydianin and silychristin may be useful for preventing and attenuating MetS, and further research and clinical trials are warranted.
代谢综合征（MetS）已成为一个日益严重的全球性健康问题，它会导致心血管疾病和2型糖尿病。据报道，提取物具有多种生物活性。在本研究中，对从伊拉克库尔德地区种子制备的乙酸乙酯提取物进行了分析，以确定其化学成分。随后，在高脂/高果糖饮食（HFD/F）诱导的大鼠模型中研究了其预防和治疗MetS的潜力。水飞蓟宁和水飞蓟亭是在提取物（SMEE）中鉴定出的最丰富的黄酮木脂素成分（39.4%）。与未治疗的对照组相比，用SMEE治疗的HFD/F诱导大鼠表现出预防作用，包括降低血清甘油三酯水平（TG）、口服葡萄糖耐量试验中降低血糖水平（<0.001）、减轻体重增加和降低血压。在诱导MetS后应用SMEE进行治疗，除了减轻体重增加和使血压正常化（<0.005）外，还导致TG（<0.001）和血糖水平降低。因此，富含水飞蓟宁和水飞蓟亭的提取物可能对预防和减轻MetS有用，值得进一步研究和临床试验。
