Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
Nutrients. 2023 Nov 13;15(22):4763. doi: 10.3390/nu15224763.
This observational cross-sectional study was designed to explore the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) and a low-fat diet (LFD) on metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).
This study involved 3961 adults. The associations between LCD/LFD scores and MAFLD were evaluated utilizing a multivariable logistic regression model. Additionally, a leave-one-out model was applied to assess the effect of isocaloric substitution of specific macronutrients.
Participants within the highest tertile of healthy LCD scores (0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.89) or with a healthy LFD score (0.64; 95%CI, 0.48-0.86) faced a lower MAFLD risk. Furthermore, compared with tertile 1, individuals with unhealthy LFD scores in terile 2 or tertile 3 had 49% (95%CI, 1.17-1.90) and 77% (95%CI, 1.19-2.63) higher risk levels for MAFLD, respectively.
Healthy LCD and healthy LFD are protective against MAFLD, while unhealthy LFD can increase the risk of MAFLD. Both the quantity and quality of macronutrients might have significant influences on MAFLD.
本观察性横断面研究旨在探讨低碳水化合物饮食（LCD）和低脂肪饮食（LFD）对代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病（MAFLD）的影响。
本研究纳入了 3961 名成年人。采用多变量逻辑回归模型评估了 LCD/LFD 评分与 MAFLD 之间的关联。此外，还应用了留一法模型来评估特定宏量营养素等热量替代的效果。
健康 LCD 评分最高三分位组（0.63；95%置信区间 [CI]，0.45-0.89）或健康 LFD 评分组（0.64；95%CI，0.48-0.86）的 MAFLD 风险较低。此外，与三分位 1 相比，LFD 评分处于三分位 2 或三分位 3 的不健康个体的 MAFLD 风险分别增加了 49%（95%CI，1.17-1.90）和 77%（95%CI，1.19-2.63）。
健康的 LCD 和 LFD 可预防 MAFLD，而不健康的 LFD 可增加 MAFLD 的风险。宏量营养素的数量和质量可能对 MAFLD 有重要影响。
