Menck-Costa Maísa Fabiana, Baptista Ana Angelita Sampaio, Sanches Matheus Silva, Santos Beatriz Queiroz Dos, Cicero Claudinéia Emidio, Kitagawa Hellen Yukari, Justino Larissa, Medeiros Leonardo Pinto, Souza Marielen de, Rocha Sergio Paulo Dejato, Nakazato Gerson, Kobayashi Renata Katsuko Takayama
Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Science (CCB), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Center for Agricultural Sciences (CCA), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.
Microorganisms. 2023 Nov 6;11(11):2712. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11112712.
is a key indicator of food hygiene, and its monitoring in meat samples points to the potential presence of antimicrobial-resistant strains capable of causing infections in humans, encompassing resistance profiles categorized as serious threats by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), such as Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-a problem with consequences for animal, human, and environmental health. The objective of the present work was to isolate and characterize ESBL-producing strains from poultry, pork, and beef meat samples, with a characterization of their virulence and antimicrobial resistance profiles. A total of 450 meat samples (150 chicken, 150 beef, and 150 pork) were obtained from supermarkets and subsequently cultured in medium supplemented with cefotaxime. The isolated colonies were characterized biochemically, followed by antibiogram testing using the disk diffusion technique. Further classification involved biofilm formation and the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes (, AmpC-type, , and ), and virulence genes (A, , A, , , , R, , T, F, A, N, A, C, and A). Statistical analysis was performed via the likelihood-ratio test. In total, 168 strains were obtained, with 73% originating from chicken, 22% from pork, and 17% from beef samples. Notably, strains exhibited greater resistance to tetracycline (51%), ciprofloxacin (46%), and fosfomycin (38%), apart from β-lactams. The detection of antimicrobial resistance in food-isolated strains is noteworthy, underscoring the significance of antimicrobial resistance as a global concern. More than 90% of the strains were biofilm producers, and strains carrying many ExPEC genes were more likely to be biofilm formers (OR 2.42), which increases the problem since the microorganisms have a greater chance of environment persistence and genetic exchange. Regarding molecular characterization, bovine samples showed a higher prevalence of (OR 6.52), while chicken strains were more likely to carry the gene (OR 2.43, CI 1.17-5.05) and presented between 6 to 8 ExPEC genes (OR 2.5, CI 1.33-5.01) compared to other meat samples. Concerning diarrheagenic genes, two strains harbored . It is important to highlight these strains, as they exhibited both biofilm-forming capacities and multidrug resistance (MDR), potentially enabling colonization in diverse environments and causing infections. In conclusion, this study underscores the presence of β-lactamase-producing strains, mainly in poultry samples, compared to beef and pork samples. Furthermore, all meat sample strains exhibited many virulence-associated extraintestinal genes, with some strains harboring diarrheagenic (DEC) genes.
是食品卫生的关键指标,对肉类样本进行监测表明可能存在能够导致人类感染的抗菌耐药菌株,包括美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)归类为严重威胁的耐药谱,如超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)——这一问题对动物、人类和环境健康都有影响。本研究的目的是从家禽、猪肉和牛肉样本中分离并鉴定产ESBL菌株,并对其毒力和抗菌耐药谱进行表征。总共从超市获取了450份肉类样本(150份鸡肉、150份牛肉和150份猪肉),随后在补充了头孢噻肟的培养基中培养。对分离出的菌落进行生化鉴定,然后使用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。进一步分类包括生物膜形成以及抗菌耐药基因(、AmpC型、和)和毒力基因(A、、A、、、、R、、T、F、A、N、A、C和A)的存在情况。通过似然比检验进行统计分析。总共获得了168株菌株,其中73%来自鸡肉,22%来自猪肉,17%来自牛肉样本。值得注意的是,除了β-内酰胺类抗生素外,菌株对四环素(51%)、环丙沙星(46%)和磷霉素(38%)表现出更高的耐药性。在食品分离菌株中检测到抗菌耐药性值得关注,这凸显了抗菌耐药性作为一个全球关注问题的重要性。超过90%的菌株是生物膜产生菌,携带许多肠外致病性大肠杆菌(ExPEC)基因的菌株更有可能形成生物膜(优势比2.42),这增加了问题的严重性,因为微生物有更大的机会在环境中持续存在并进行基因交换。关于分子特征,牛样本中基因的流行率较高(优势比6.52),而鸡菌株比其他肉类样本更有可能携带基因(优势比2.43,置信区间1.17 - 5.05),并且携带6至8个ExPEC基因(优势比2.5,置信区间1.33 - 5.01)。关于致泻性基因,有两株菌株携带。突出这些菌株很重要,因为它们既表现出生物膜形成能力又具有多重耐药性(MDR),有可能在不同环境中定殖并引起感染。总之,本研究强调了产β-内酰胺酶菌株的存在,主要存在于家禽样本中,与牛肉和猪肉样本相比。此外,所有肉类样本菌株都表现出许多与毒力相关的肠外基因,一些菌株携带致泻性大肠杆菌(DEC)基因。