Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
Universidad Científica del Sur, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Medicina Humana, CHANGE Research Working Group, Lima, Peru.
PLoS One. 2023 Nov 28;18(11):e0284054. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284054. eCollection 2023.
To determine the overall prevalence of diabetic foot at risk according to the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot stratification.
We searched PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. We included cross-sectional studies or cohorts from 1999 to March 2022. We performed a meta-analysis of proportions using a random-effects model. We assessed heterogeneity through subgroup analysis by continent and other characteristics.
We included 36 studies with a total population of 11,850 people from 23 countries. The estimated overall prevalence of diabetic foot at risk was 53.2% (95% CI: 45.1-61.3), I2 = 98.7%, p < 0.001. In the analysis by subgroups, South and Central America had the highest prevalence and Africa the lowest. The factors explaining the heterogeneity were the presence of chronic kidney disease, diagnostic method for peripheral arterial disease, and quality. The estimates presented very low certainty of evidence.
The overall prevalence of diabetic foot at risk is high. The high heterogeneity between continents can be explained by methodological aspects and the type of population. However, using the same classification is necessary for standardization of the way of measuring the components, as well as better designed general population-based studies.
根据国际糖尿病足工作组的分层，确定有风险的糖尿病足的总体患病率。
我们检索了 PubMed/Medline、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Embase。纳入了 1999 年至 2022 年 3 月的横断面研究或队列研究。我们使用随机效应模型对比例进行了荟萃分析。我们通过按大洲和其他特征进行亚组分析来评估异质性。
我们纳入了来自 23 个国家的 36 项研究，总计 11850 人。有风险的糖尿病足的总体估计患病率为 53.2%（95%CI：45.1-61.3），I2=98.7%，p<0.001。在亚组分析中，南美洲和中美洲的患病率最高，非洲的患病率最低。解释异质性的因素包括慢性肾脏病的存在、周围动脉疾病的诊断方法以及质量。这些估计的证据确定性非常低。
有风险的糖尿病足的总体患病率较高。大洲之间的高度异质性可以用方法学方面和人群类型来解释。然而，为了标准化测量各组成部分的方式，以及设计更好的基于一般人群的研究，使用相同的分类是必要的。
