School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023 Dec 20;40(2):46. doi: 10.1007/s11274-023-03840-9.
The objective of this paper is to explore the function of the AOL-s00215g415 (Aog415) gene, which encodes for the synthesis of siderophore in the nematode trapping fungal model strain A. oligospora, in order to understand the relationship between siderophore biosynthesis and nematode trapping activity. After a through sequence analysis, it was determined that Aog415 is a siderophore-synthesizing NRPS. The product of this gene was then identified to be the hydroxamate siderophore desferriferrichrome, using mass spectrometry analysis. When compared to the WT strains, the Aog415 knockout strain exhibited a 60% decrease in siderophore content in fermentation broth. Additionally, the number of predatory rings of decreased by 23.21%, while the spore yield increased by 37.34%. The deletion of Aog415 did not affect the growth of A. oligospora in diverse nutrient medium. Lipid metabolism-related pathways were the primary targets of Aog415 disruption as revealed by the metabolomic analysis. In comparison to the WT, a significant reduction in the levels of glycerophospholipids, and glycolipids was observed in the mutation. The metabolic alteration in fatty acyls and amino acid-like molecules were significantly disrupted. The knockout of Aog415 impaired the biosynthesis of the hydroxamate siderophore desferriferrichrome, remodeled the flow of fatty acid in A. oligospora, and mainly reprogrammed the membrane lipid metabolism in cells. Desferriferrichrome, a hydroxamate siderophore affects the growth, metabolism and nematode trapping ability of A. oligospora by regulating iron intake and cell membrane homeostasis. Our study uncovered the significant contribution of siderophores to the growth and nematode trapping ability and constructed the relationship among siderophores biosynthesis, lipid metabolism and nematode trapping activity of A. oligospora, which provides a new insight for the development of nematode biocontrol agents based on nematode trapping fungi.
本文旨在探讨 AOL-s00215g415（Aog415）基因的功能，该基因编码在食线虫真菌模式菌株 A. oligospora 中合成铁载体。以了解铁载体生物合成与线虫捕获活性之间的关系。通过深入的序列分析，确定 Aog415 是一种合成铁载体的 NRPS。使用质谱分析鉴定该基因的产物为羟肟酸铁载体去铁铁灵。与 WT 菌株相比，Aog415 敲除菌株发酵液中铁载体含量降低了 60%。此外，捕食环的数量减少了 23.21%，而孢子产量增加了 37.34%。Aog415 的缺失并不影响 A. oligospora 在各种营养培养基中的生长。代谢组学分析表明，脂质代谢相关途径是 Aog415 敲除的主要靶点。与 WT 相比，突变体中甘油磷脂和糖脂的水平显著降低。脂肪酸和氨基酸样分子的代谢变化也受到显著干扰。Aog415 的敲除破坏了羟肟酸铁载体去铁铁灵的生物合成，重塑了 A. oligospora 中的脂肪酸流动，并主要重新编程了细胞中的膜脂代谢。羟肟酸铁载体去铁铁灵通过调节铁摄取和细胞膜稳态影响 A. oligospora 的生长、代谢和线虫捕获能力。我们的研究揭示了铁载体对 A. oligospora 的生长和线虫捕获能力的重要贡献，并构建了 A. oligospora 中铁载体生物合成、脂质代谢和线虫捕获活性之间的关系，为基于食线虫真菌的线虫生物防治剂的开发提供了新的思路。
