Colón Ortiz Crystal, Eroglu Cagla
Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2024 Feb;86:102307. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102307. Epub 2023 Dec 24.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common cause of impairment in working-aged adults. MS is characterized by neuroinflammation and infiltration of peripheral immune cells to the brain, which cause myelin loss and death of oligodendrocytes and neurons. Many studies on MS have focused on the peripheral immune sources of demyelination and repair. However, recent studies revealed that a glial cell type, the astrocytes, undergo robust morphological and transcriptomic changes that contribute significantly to demyelination and myelin repair. Here, we discuss recent findings elucidating signaling modalities that astrocytes acquire or lose in MS and how these changes alter the interactions of astrocytes with other nervous system cell types.
多发性硬化症（MS）是工作年龄成年人致残的常见原因。MS的特征是神经炎症以及外周免疫细胞浸润到大脑，这会导致髓鞘损失以及少突胶质细胞和神经元死亡。许多关于MS的研究都集中在脱髓鞘和修复的外周免疫来源上。然而，最近的研究表明，一种神经胶质细胞类型，即星形胶质细胞，会发生显著的形态和转录组变化，这些变化对脱髓鞘和髓鞘修复有重大贡献。在这里，我们讨论了最近的研究发现，这些发现阐明了星形胶质细胞在MS中获得或失去的信号传导方式，以及这些变化如何改变星形胶质细胞与其他神经系统细胞类型的相互作用。
