Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Dec 25;16(1):70. doi: 10.3390/nu16010070.
The plant-derived polyphenol curcumin alleviates the inflammatory and metabolic effects of obesity, in part, by reducing adipose tissue inflammation. We hypothesized that the benefits of curcumin supplementation on diet-induced obesity and systemic inflammation in mice occur through downregulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation. The hypothesis was tested in adipose tissue from high-fat diet-induced obese mice supplemented with or without curcumin and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with or without curcumin. Male B6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 45% kcal fat) with or without 0.4% (/) curcumin supplementation (HFC). Metabolic changes in these mice have been previously reported. Here, we determined the serum levels of the curcumin metabolites tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) and curcumin-O-glucuronide (COG) using mass spectrometry. Moreover, we determined interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels and proteomic changes in LPS-stimulated 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with or without curcumin by using immunoassays and mass spectrometry, respectively, to gain further insight into any altered processes. We detected both curcumin metabolites, THC and COG, in serum samples from the curcumin-fed mice. Both curcumin and its metabolites reduced LPS-induced adipocyte IL-6 secretion and mRNA levels. Proteomic analyses indicated that curcumin upregulated EIF2 and mTOR signaling pathways. Overall, curcumin exerted anti-inflammatory effects in adipocytes, in part by reducing IL-6, and these effects may be linked to the upregulation of the mTOR signaling pathway, warranting additional mechanistic studies on the effects of curcumin and its metabolites on metabolic health.
植物来源的多酚姜黄素通过减轻脂肪组织炎症，在一定程度上缓解肥胖的炎症和代谢效应。我们假设姜黄素补充剂对高脂肪饮食诱导的肥胖和系统性炎症的益处，是通过下调白色脂肪组织（WAT）炎症来实现的。该假设在高脂肪饮食诱导肥胖的小鼠的脂肪组织中得到了检验，这些小鼠补充或不补充姜黄素，以及用或不用姜黄素处理的 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞。雄性 B6 小鼠喂食高脂肪饮食（HFD，45%卡路里脂肪），补充或不补充 0.4%（/）姜黄素（HFC）。这些小鼠的代谢变化以前已经有报道。在这里，我们使用质谱法测定了血清中四氢姜黄素（THC）和姜黄素-O-葡糖苷酸（COG）的姜黄素代谢物水平。此外，我们通过免疫测定法和质谱法分别测定了 LPS 刺激的 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞中白细胞介素 6（IL-6）水平和蛋白质组学变化，以进一步了解任何改变的过程。我们在喂食姜黄素的小鼠的血清样本中检测到了这两种姜黄素代谢物，即 THC 和 COG。姜黄素及其代谢物均可降低 LPS 诱导的脂肪细胞 IL-6 分泌和 mRNA 水平。蛋白质组学分析表明，姜黄素上调了 EIF2 和 mTOR 信号通路。总的来说，姜黄素在脂肪细胞中发挥抗炎作用，部分是通过降低 IL-6 来实现的，这些作用可能与 mTOR 信号通路的上调有关，这需要对姜黄素及其代谢物对代谢健康的影响进行更多的机制研究。
