Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Anal Chim Acta. 2024 Feb 1;1288:342152. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342152. Epub 2023 Dec 16.
Regular blood glucose monitoring is very important for diabetic patients. The composition of skin interstitial fluid (ISF) is similar to that of blood, which can be used for daily blood sugar detection and disease care. However, most methods of ISF extraction have complicated steps, may cause skin damage, and can only extract a limited amount of ISF, resulting in low detection efficiency. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a detection method that can not only extract a large amount of ISF safely, efficiently, and conveniently, but also realize rapid detection of glucose level in ISF.
Here, we developed a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based swellable colorimetric MN patch with minimally invasive sampling function and real-time ISF glucose analysis ability. The MN patch could quickly absorb a large amount of skin ISF, and 60.2 mg of ISF was extracted within 10 min in vitro. It was divided into two layers: the tip layer was embedded with AuNPs with glucose oxidase (GOx)-like activity, which catalyzed the oxidation of glucose extracted from ISF and produced hydrogen peroxide (HO); horseradish peroxidase (HRP) encapsulated in the backing layer catalyzed the oxidation of 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by HO to produce oxTMB, which led to a visible color shift in the backing layer. The ISF glucose level was judged by naked eyes and further quantified by color analysis with Image J software. As a result, the colorimetric MN patch successfully identified the normal blood sugar and hyperglycemia state in vivo.
The colorimetric MN patch combined in-situ colorimetric sensing based on AuNP nanozyme with MN patch, which detected glucose level without blood drawing, increasing patients' compliance and reducing detection steps and time. Compared with the detection methods based on natural nanozymes, our method had better stability and sensitivity to complex environments (extreme pH and high temperature, etc.) in actual detection.
对于糖尿病患者来说，定期监测血糖非常重要。皮肤间质液（ISF）的成分与血液相似，可用于日常血糖检测和疾病护理。然而，大多数 ISF 提取方法步骤复杂，可能会造成皮肤损伤，且只能提取有限量的 ISF，导致检测效率低下。因此，开发一种既能安全、高效、便捷地提取大量 ISF，又能快速检测 ISF 中葡萄糖水平的检测方法非常必要。
在这里，我们开发了一种基于金纳米粒子（AuNP）的可膨胀比色 MN 贴片，具有微创采样功能和实时 ISF 葡萄糖分析能力。MN 贴片能够快速吸收大量皮肤 ISF，体外 10 min 内可提取 60.2mg 的 ISF。MN 贴片分为两层：尖端层嵌入具有葡萄糖氧化酶（GOx）样活性的 AuNPs，可催化从 ISF 中提取的葡萄糖氧化并产生过氧化氢（HO）；包被层中的辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）催化 HO 对 3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺（TMB）的氧化，生成 oxTMB，导致包被层发生可见的颜色变化。通过肉眼判断 ISF 葡萄糖水平，并进一步通过 Image J 软件进行比色分析定量。结果，比色 MN 贴片成功在体内识别正常血糖和高血糖状态。
比色 MN 贴片将基于 AuNP 纳米酶的原位比色传感与 MN 贴片相结合，无需采血即可检测血糖，提高了患者的依从性，减少了检测步骤和时间。与基于天然纳米酶的检测方法相比，我们的方法在实际检测中对复杂环境（极端 pH 值和高温等）具有更好的稳定性和灵敏度。
