Arendt T, Zvegintseva H G, Leontovich T A
Neuroscience. 1986 Dec;19(4):1265-78. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(86)90141-7.
Golgi-impregnated reticular neurons and multipolar giant neurons, the two main classes of neurons in the basal nucleus of Meynert and in the diagonal band nucleus, were investigated morphometrically in five cases of Alzheimer's disease, and compared to controls. Both degenerative as well as regenerative neuronal changes were observed in cases of Alzheimer's disease. Degenerative changes such as irregular swellings and the fragmentation of dendrites are most pronounced on reticular neurons but can also be detected to a lesser extent on multipolar giant neurons. Regenerative changes are restricted to reticular neurons. They are characterized by the appearance of perisomatic filopodia, by an increase in the size of cell soma, by an increase in the degree of dendritic arborization and spatial extension of the dendritic tree. These regenerative changes are probably signs of a compensatory mechanism which might be induced by degeneration in this area.
在五例阿尔茨海默病患者中，对梅纳特基底核和斜角带核中的两类主要神经元——高尔基染色的网状神经元和多极巨神经元进行了形态计量学研究，并与对照组进行了比较。在阿尔茨海默病患者中观察到了神经元的退行性和再生性变化。退行性变化，如不规则肿胀和树突断裂，在网状神经元中最为明显，但在多极巨神经元中也能在较小程度上检测到。再生性变化仅限于网状神经元。其特征是胞体周围出现丝状伪足、细胞体大小增加、树突分支程度增加以及树突树的空间扩展。这些再生性变化可能是一种补偿机制的迹象，这种补偿机制可能是由该区域的退化所诱导的。
