Courchesne Myriam, Manrique Gabriela, Bernier Laurie, Moussa Leen, Cresson Jeanne, Gutzeit Andreas, Froehlich Johannes M, Koh Dow-Mu, Chartrand-Lefebvre Carl, Matoori Simon
Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, 2940 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada.
Clinical Research Group, Klus Apotheke Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2023 Dec 12;7(1):8-17. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00116. eCollection 2024 Jan 12.
Gender is an important risk factor for adverse drug reactions. Women report significantly more adverse drug reactions than men. There is a growing consensus that gender differences in drug PK is a main contributor to higher drug toxicity in women. These differences stem from physiological differences (body composition, plasma protein concentrations, and liver and kidney function), drug interactions, and comorbidities. Contrast agents are widely used to enhance diagnostic performance in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Despite their broad use, these contrast agents can lead to important adverse reactions including hypersensitivity reactions, nephropathy, and hyperthyroidism. Importantly, female gender is one of the main risk factors for contrast agent toxicity. As these adverse reactions may be related to gender differences in PK, this perspective aims to describe distribution and elimination pathways of commonly used contrast agents and to critically discuss gender differences in these processes.
性别是药物不良反应的一个重要风险因素。女性报告的药物不良反应明显多于男性。越来越多的共识认为，药物药代动力学（PK）中的性别差异是导致女性药物毒性较高的主要因素。这些差异源于生理差异（身体组成、血浆蛋白浓度以及肝肾功能）、药物相互作用和合并症。造影剂被广泛用于提高计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像的诊断性能。尽管造影剂使用广泛，但这些造影剂可导致重要的不良反应，包括过敏反应、肾病和甲状腺功能亢进。重要的是，女性是造影剂毒性的主要风险因素之一。由于这些不良反应可能与PK中的性别差异有关，本观点旨在描述常用造影剂的分布和消除途径，并批判性地讨论这些过程中的性别差异。
