健康素养是否会影响健康管理专家的健康相关生活方式行为？一项横断面研究。
Does health literacy influence health-related lifestyle behaviors among specialists of health management? A cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of General Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Japan.
Department of Community Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Japan.
出版信息
BMC Prim Care. 2024 Jan 20;25(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s12875-024-02263-1.
BACKGROUND
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as health-related lifestyle diseases, are the leading cause of mortality and societal and economic burdens. Poor lifestyle behaviors, which are modifiable to improve health, can cause diseases, including NCDs. Health literacy has been recognized as an important determinant of health, and studies have shown that higher health literacy is associated with better health outcomes and positive health-related behaviors. However, few studies have investigated the association between health literacy and health-related lifestyle behaviors to understand the mechanistic link between them. Thus, this study investigated the extent to which health literacy at different levels influences health-related lifestyle behaviors.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among Japanese health management specialists (N = 1,920). Functional, critical, and communicative health literacy were measured. Lifestyle behaviors (exercise, diet and nutrition, sleep, rest, smoking, and alcohol intake), in line with the Japanese National Health Promotion Program, were assessed and calculated into a total cumulative score of health-related lifestyle behaviors. Moreover, we analyzed the associations between the three levels of health literacy and lifestyle behaviors using regression analyses by adjusting for socio-psycho-demographic factors.
RESULTS
Multiple linear regression analyses showed a significant association between the Japanese version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire and total health-related lifestyle scores (standardized β = 0.160, p < 0.001, R = 0.136) after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Similarly, the association between communicative and critical health literacy and the total health-related lifestyle scores was significant (standardized β = 0.122, p < 0.001, R = 0.125). The analysis indicated that individuals who had higher level of health literacy (critical and communicative) than functional health literacy (Japanese version of the Newest Vital Sign score) had higher health-related lifestyle behaviors.
CONCLUSIONS
A higher level of health literacy is associated with health-related lifestyle behaviors. Health literacy can be a target for interventions to achieve the national goal of lifestyle-related disease prevention and control.
背景
非传染性疾病（NCDs），如与健康相关的生活方式疾病，是导致死亡和社会经济负担的主要原因。可改变的不良生活方式行为会导致疾病，包括 NCDs。健康素养已被认为是健康的重要决定因素，研究表明，较高的健康素养与更好的健康结果和积极的健康相关行为相关。然而，很少有研究调查健康素养与健康相关的生活方式行为之间的关联，以了解它们之间的机制联系。因此，本研究调查了不同水平的健康素养对健康相关生活方式行为的影响程度。
方法
在日本健康管理专家中进行了横断面研究（N=1920）。测量了功能性、批判性和交际性健康素养。生活方式行为（运动、饮食和营养、睡眠、休息、吸烟和饮酒）与日本国家健康促进计划一致，并计算为健康相关生活方式行为的总累积得分。此外，我们通过调整社会心理因素，使用回归分析来分析三种健康素养水平与生活方式行为之间的关联。
结果
多元线性回归分析显示，在调整社会人口因素后，日本版欧洲健康素养调查问卷与总健康相关生活方式得分之间存在显著关联（标准化β=0.160，p<0.001，R2=0.136）。同样，交际和批判性健康素养与总健康相关生活方式得分之间的关联也是显著的（标准化β=0.122，p<0.001，R2=0.125）。分析表明，与功能性健康素养（日本版最新生命体征评分）相比，具有更高健康素养（批判性和交际性）的个体具有更高的健康相关生活方式行为。
结论
更高的健康素养与健康相关的生活方式行为相关。健康素养可以成为实现国家预防和控制与生活方式相关的疾病目标的干预目标。
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