Eulenstein Frank, Ahlborn Julian, Thielicke Matthias
Department Sustainable Grassland Systems, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Gutshof 7, 14641 Paulinenaue, Germany.
Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Botany Division, Am Museum 1, 02806 Görlitz, Germany.
Life (Basel). 2024 Jan 3;14(1):81. doi: 10.3390/life14010081.
This contribution provides the first agroeconomic account of the application of a mineral microgranular fertilizer and an organomineral microgranular fertilizer directly beneath the corn in comparison to a common mineral band fertilizer in temperate climate regions. The focus of the study is on the reduction in phosphorus inputs while maintaining the yield of maize plants (). The study used a three-year field trial to tabulate dry matter yields using the two phosphorus-reduced microgranular fertilizers, as well as a standard diammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilization method. The application of the organomineral microgranular fertilizer resulted in dry matter yields that were 15% higher (2.8 Mg per hectare) than the DAP variant, while higher yields using the mineral microgranular fertilizer only occurred in a single year. The higher yield of the organomineral microgranular fertilizer and the lower phosphorus amounts as a result of using that product resulted in a moderate phosphorus excess of 2.7 kg P ha, while DAP fertilization resulted in a surplus of 25.5 kg per hectare. The phosphorus balance on the plots fertilized with the mineral microgranular fertilizer followed a pattern similar to that of the organomineral microgranular fertilizer. We conclude that both microgranular fertilizers, applied directly beneath the corn, provide an adequate alternative to widespread DAP fertilization as a fertilizer band in maize cultivation on fertile soils.
本研究首次对温带气候地区在玉米植株正下方施用矿物微颗粒肥料和有机矿物微颗粒肥料，并与普通矿物条施肥料进行了农业经济核算。该研究的重点是在保持玉米产量的同时减少磷的投入。该研究采用了为期三年的田间试验，以统计使用两种减磷微颗粒肥料以及标准磷酸二铵（DAP）施肥方法的干物质产量。施用有机矿物微颗粒肥料的干物质产量比DAP施肥方式高15%（每公顷2.8公吨），而使用矿物微颗粒肥料仅在某一年出现了更高的产量。有机矿物微颗粒肥料的高产以及因使用该产品而减少的磷用量，导致磷过量2.7千克/公顷，而DAP施肥导致每公顷磷盈余25.5千克。施用矿物微颗粒肥料的地块上的磷平衡模式与有机矿物微颗粒肥料相似。我们得出结论，在肥沃土壤上种植玉米时，直接在玉米植株正下方施用的这两种微颗粒肥料，均可作为广泛使用的DAP条施肥料的合适替代品。
