Hayashino Yasuaki, Goto Masashi, Yamamoto Toshikazu, Tsujii Satoru, Ishii Hitoshi
Department of Endocrinology, Tenri Hospital, 200 Mishima-Cho, Tenri City, Nara 632-8552 Japan.
Department of General Medicine and Community Health Science, Hyogo Medical University, Sasayama Medical Center, 5 Kurooka, Tambasasayama, Hyogo 669-2321 Japan.
Diabetol Int. 2023 Sep 13;15(1):117-122. doi: 10.1007/s13340-023-00661-x. eCollection 2024 Jan.
The purpose of this study was to develop the Japanese version of the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale, a measure of emotional adjustment to diabetes that has been translated into Japanese by our group.
A total of 418 Japanese people with diabetes attending our outpatient clinic participated ( = 65 type 1 and = 353 type 2). We assessed the internal reliability of the PAID, examined correlations of the PAID with conceptually related psychosocial constructs, evaluated mean differences in the PAID between diabetes treatment groups, and examined correlations of the PAID with diabetes self-care behaviours and selected treatment outcomes.
Results showed that the PAID had excellent reliability (Cronbach alpha = 0.934). The PAID correlated significantly with the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire ( = -0.593, < 0.0001) and the positive wellbeing ( = -0.396, < 0.0001), negative wellbeing ( = -0.640, < 0.0001) and energy ( = -0.444, < 0.0001) subscales of the Wellbeing Questionnaire. Adherence to diet was negatively correlated with PAID score ( = -0.263, < 0.0001). The frequency of recent hypoglycemia and number of chronic complications (retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy) were positively correlated with PAID scores. PAID was weakly correlated with HbA1c ( = 0.13, = 0.01).
In conclusion, the Japanese version of the PAID demonstrated good internal reliability and evidence of concurrent and discriminant validity. The PAID measures the impact of diabetes, diabetes treatment and treatment outcomes on the emotions of people with diabetes. The results provide encouraging evidence for the clinical utility of the PAID in Japanese people with diabetes.
本研究的目的是开发糖尿病问题领域（PAID）量表的日语版本，该量表是一种用于衡量对糖尿病情绪适应情况的工具，此前已由我们团队翻译成日语。
共有418名在我们门诊就诊的日本糖尿病患者参与研究（1型糖尿病患者65例，2型糖尿病患者353例）。我们评估了PAID的内部信度，检验了PAID与概念相关的心理社会结构的相关性，评估了糖尿病治疗组之间PAID的均值差异，并检验了PAID与糖尿病自我护理行为及选定治疗结果的相关性。
结果显示PAID具有出色的信度（克朗巴哈α系数=0.934）。PAID与糖尿病治疗满意度问卷显著相关（r=-0.593，p<0.0001），与幸福感问卷的积极幸福感子量表（r=-0.396，p<0.0001）、消极幸福感子量表（r=-0.640，p<0.0001）和活力子量表（r=-0.444，p<0.0001）也显著相关。饮食依从性与PAID得分呈负相关（r=-0.263，p<0.0001）。近期低血糖发作频率和慢性并发症（视网膜病变、肾病和神经病变）数量与PAID得分呈正相关。PAID与糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）呈弱相关（r=0.13，p=0.01）。
总之，PAID的日语版本显示出良好的内部信度以及同时效度和区分效度的证据。PAID测量了糖尿病、糖尿病治疗及治疗结果对糖尿病患者情绪的影响。研究结果为PAID在日本糖尿病患者中的临床应用提供了令人鼓舞的证据。
