Biology Department and Volen Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States.
J Neurophysiol. 2024 Mar 1;131(3):509-515. doi: 10.1152/jn.00483.2023. Epub 2024 Jan 24.
Nervous systems have evolved to function consistently in the face of the normal environmental fluctuations experienced by animals. The stomatogastric nervous system (STNS) of the crab, , produces a motor output that has been studied for its remarkable robustness in response to single global perturbations. Changes in environments, however, are often complex and multifactorial. Therefore, we studied the robustness of the pyloric network in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) in response to simultaneous perturbations of temperature and pH. We compared the effects of elevated temperatures on the pyloric rhythm at control, acid, or base pHs. In each pH recordings were made at 11°C, and then the temperature was increased until the rhythms became disorganized ("crashed"). Pyloric burst frequencies and phase relationships showed minor differences between pH groups until reaching close to the crash temperatures. However, the temperatures at which the rhythms were disrupted were lower in the two extreme pH conditions. This indicates that one environmental stress can make an animal less resilient to a second stressor. Resilience to environmental fluctuations is important for all animals. It is common that animals encounter multiple stressful events at the same time, the cumulative impacts of which are largely unknown. This study examines the effects of temperature and pH on the nervous system of crabs that live in the fluctuating environments of the Northern Atlantic Ocean. The ranges of tolerance to one perturbation, temperature, are reduced under the influence of a second, pH.
神经系统已经进化到能够在动物经历的正常环境波动中持续运作。螃蟹的口胃神经系统(STNS)产生一种运动输出,因其对单一全局扰动的显著稳健性而被研究。然而,环境变化通常是复杂和多因素的。因此,我们研究了在同时受到温度和 pH 扰动时,胃神经节(STG)中幽门网络的稳健性。我们比较了在对照、酸性或碱性 pH 下升高温度对幽门节律的影响。在每种 pH 值下,记录在 11°C 下的记录,然后升高温度,直到节律变得紊乱(“崩溃”)。在接近崩溃温度之前,幽门爆发频率和相位关系在 pH 组之间显示出较小的差异。然而,在两种极端 pH 条件下,节律被打乱的温度较低。这表明一种环境压力会使动物对第二种压力源的弹性降低。对环境波动的恢复力对所有动物都很重要。动物经常同时遇到多个有压力的事件,其累积影响在很大程度上是未知的。本研究考察了温度和 pH 值对生活在北大西洋波动环境中的螃蟹神经系统的影响。在第二种,即 pH 值的影响下,对一种扰动,即温度的耐受范围会降低。