Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Jan 24;108(1):170. doi: 10.1007/s00253-023-12906-5.
The deep-sea environment is an extremely difficult habitat for microorganisms to survive in due to its intense hydrostatic pressure. However, the mechanisms by which these organisms adapt to such extreme conditions remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the metabolic adaptations of Microbacterium sediminis YLB-01, a cold and stress-tolerant microorganism isolated from deep-sea sediments, in response to high-pressure conditions. YLB-01 cells were cultured at normal atmospheric pressure and 28 ℃ until they reached the stationary growth phase. Subsequently, the cells were exposed to either normal pressure or high pressure (30 MPa) at 4 ℃ for 7 days. Using NMR-based metabolomic and proteomic analyses of YLB-01 cells exposed to high-pressure conditions, we observed significant metabolic changes in several metabolic pathways, including amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. In particular, the high-pressure treatment stimulates cell division and triggers the accumulation of UDP-glucose, a critical factor in cell wall formation. This finding highlights the adaptive strategies used by YLB-01 cells to survive in the challenging high-pressure environments of the deep sea. Specifically, we discovered that YLB-01 cells regulate amino acid metabolism, promote carbohydrate metabolism, enhance cell wall synthesis, and improve cell membrane fluidity in response to high pressure. These adaptive mechanisms play essential roles in supporting the survival and growth of YLB-01 in high-pressure conditions. Our study offers valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic adaptation of deep-sea microorganisms to high-pressure environments. KEY POINTS: • NMR-based metabolomic and proteomic analyses were conducted on Microbacterium sediminis YLB-01 to investigate the significant alterations in several metabolic pathways in response to high-pressure treatment. • YLB-01 cells used adaptive strategies (such as regulated amino acid metabolism, promoted carbohydrate metabolism, enhanced cell wall synthesis, and improved cell membrane fluidity) to survive in the challenging high-pressure environment of the deep sea. • High-pressure treatment stimulated cell division and triggered the accumulation of UDP-glucose, a critical factor in cell wall formation, in Microbacterium sediminis YLB-01 cells.
深海环境的水压极强，微生物很难在其中生存，但这些生物适应极端环境的机制仍知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们研究了从深海沉积物中分离出的耐冷、耐高压的微生物 Microbacterium sediminis YLB-01 对高压条件的代谢适应机制。YLB-01 细胞在常温和大气压下培养至稳定生长期。然后，将细胞在 4℃下分别暴露于常温和高压（30MPa）环境中 7 天。采用 NMR 代谢组学和蛋白质组学分析 YLB-01 细胞在高压条件下的代谢变化，我们观察到几种代谢途径的代谢变化显著，包括氨基酸、碳水化合物和脂质代谢。特别是，高压处理刺激细胞分裂并触发 UDP-葡萄糖的积累，UDP-葡萄糖是细胞壁形成的关键因素。这一发现突出了 YLB-01 细胞在深海高压环境中生存的适应策略。具体而言，我们发现 YLB-01 细胞调节氨基酸代谢，促进碳水化合物代谢，增强细胞壁合成，并提高细胞膜流动性，以应对高压。这些适应机制对于支持 YLB-01 在高压条件下的生存和生长至关重要。本研究为深海微生物对高压环境的代谢适应的分子机制提供了有价值的见解。关键点： • 对深海微生物 Microbacterium sediminis YLB-01 进行了基于 NMR 的代谢组学和蛋白质组学分析，以研究其在高压处理下几种代谢途径的显著变化。 • YLB-01 细胞采用了适应性策略（如调节氨基酸代谢、促进碳水化合物代谢、增强细胞壁合成和改善细胞膜流动性）以适应深海高压环境的挑战。 • 高压处理刺激细胞分裂并触发 UDP-葡萄糖（细胞壁形成的关键因素）在 Microbacterium sediminis YLB-01 细胞中的积累。
