Sandu-Bălan Tăbăcariu Anca, Ifrim Irina-Loredana, Patriciu Oana-Irina, Ștefănescu Ioana-Adriana, Fînaru Adriana-Luminița
Doctoral School in Environmental Engineering, "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacau, 157 Marasesti Str., 600115 Bacau, Romania.
Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacau, 157 Marasesti Str., 600115 Bacau, Romania.
Molecules. 2024 Jan 19;29(2):498. doi: 10.3390/molecules29020498.
A current alternative for sustainable development through green chemistry is the replacement of synthetic compounds with natural ones through the superior capitalization of natural resources, with numerous applications in different fields. The benefits of walnuts ( L.) and elderberries ( L.) have been known since ancient times, due to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, polyphenols, carotenoids, alkaloids, nitrogen-containing compounds, tannins, steroids, anthocyanins, etc. These active compounds have multiple biological activities for human health, including benefits that are antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, neuroprotective, etc. Like other medicinal plants, the walnut and the elderberry possess important phytosanitary properties (antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal) and their extracts can also be used as environmentally safe biopesticides, with the result that they constitute a viable and cheap alternative to environmentally harmful synthetic products. During recent years, walnut by-products and elderberries have attracted the attention of researchers, and investigations have focused on the species' valuable constituents and active properties. Comparing the information from the literature regarding the phytochemical profile and biological activities, it is highlighted that, apart from the predominant specific compounds, the walnut and the elderberry have common bioactive compounds, which come from six classes (phenols and derivatives, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, tannins, triterpenoids, and phytosteroids), and act on the same microorganisms. From this perspective, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of the bioactive compounds present in the different constitutive parts of walnut by-products and elderberries, which present a specific or common activity related to human health and the protection of agricultural crops in the context of sustainable development.
通过绿色化学实现可持续发展的当前替代方案是通过对自然资源的优化利用，用天然化合物替代合成化合物，这在不同领域有众多应用。核桃（L.）和接骨木果（L.）的益处自古便为人所知，这是由于它们含有类黄酮、多酚、类胡萝卜素、生物碱、含氮化合物、单宁、甾体、花青素等植物化学物质。这些活性化合物对人类健康具有多种生物活性，包括抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎、抗糖尿病、保肝、降压、神经保护等益处。与其他药用植物一样，核桃和接骨木果具有重要的植物检疫特性（抗菌、抗真菌和杀虫），其提取物还可用作环境安全的生物农药，因此它们构成了对环境有害的合成产品的可行且廉价的替代品。近年来，核桃副产品和接骨木果引起了研究人员的关注，研究集中在这些物种的有价值成分和活性特性上。比较文献中有关植物化学特征和生物活性的信息可以发现，除了主要的特定化合物外，核桃和接骨木果还有共同的生物活性化合物，它们来自六类（酚类及其衍生物、黄酮类、羟基肉桂酸、单宁、三萜类和植物甾醇），并作用于相同的微生物。从这个角度来看，本综述的目的是概述核桃副产品和接骨木果不同组成部分中存在的生物活性化合物，这些化合物在可持续发展的背景下对人类健康和农作物保护具有特定或共同的活性。
