Alhammadi Maisam H, Alsaif Afnan A, AlGhamdi Dalal A, Albasri Samera
Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Dec 29;15(12):e51268. doi: 10.7759/cureus.51268. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Background There is no sound evidence for the association of blood groups with the risk of endometriosis, and no studies from Saudi Arabia have examined this association. Therefore, the primary aim was to determine whether there is an association between the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups and the incidence of endometriosis in a cohort from Saudi Arabia and also to evaluate the potential risk factors related to endometriosis among the population. Methods This case-control study included women diagnosed with endometriosis (n = 44) who presented to King Abdulaziz University Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between 2010 and 2021. Women from the blood donors database of King Abdulaziz University Hospital were included as a control group (n = 184). The total sample size was 228. Demographic data, diagnosis method, ABO blood type, and Rh blood type were obtained from hospital records. In addition, data were collected from self-reported questionnaires, which included family history, dysmenorrhea, age of menarche, age of childbearing, number of children, history of abortion, parity, number of children, use of oral contraceptives for alleviating dysmenorrhea, iron deficiency, duration of menstrual flow, and volume of bleeding during menses. Odds ratio, Pearson chi-squared test (χ2), and independent t-test were used to analyze the associations between variables. Results Most of the participants had blood type O (n = 117, 51.3%), which was followed by blood type A (n = 59, 26.0%), and the majority were Rh+ (n = 215, 94.3%). There was no significant difference in the risk of endometriosis according to ABO (P = 0.237) and Rh (P = 0.283) blood types. However, endometriosis was found to have a significant relationship with dysmenorrhea, heavy bleeding during menses, history of abortion, long duration of menstrual flow, lower number of children, late pregnancy, and use of oral contraceptive pills to relieve dysmenorrhea (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions The present results indicate that ABO and Rh blood types are not associated with the risk of endometriosis. However, there was a strong, significant association between endometriosis and other factors.
目前尚无确凿证据表明血型与子宫内膜异位症风险之间存在关联，沙特阿拉伯也没有相关研究对此进行过探讨。因此，本研究的主要目的是确定沙特阿拉伯某队列中ABO和Rh血型分布与子宫内膜异位症发病率之间是否存在关联，并评估该人群中与子宫内膜异位症相关的潜在风险因素。
本病例对照研究纳入了2010年至2021年间在沙特阿拉伯吉达阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院妇产科诊所被诊断为子宫内膜异位症的女性（n = 44）。将阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院献血者数据库中的女性作为对照组（n = 184）。总样本量为228。从医院记录中获取人口统计学数据、诊断方法、ABO血型和Rh血型。此外，通过自我报告问卷收集数据，问卷内容包括家族史、痛经、初潮年龄、生育年龄、子女数量、流产史、产次、子女数量、使用口服避孕药缓解痛经情况、缺铁情况、月经持续时间和月经量。采用比值比、Pearson卡方检验（χ2）和独立t检验分析变量之间的关联。
大多数参与者为O型血（n = 117，51.3%），其次是A型血（n = 59，26.0%），大多数为Rh阳性（n = 215，94.3%）。根据ABO血型（P = 0.237）和Rh血型（P = 0.283），子宫内膜异位症风险无显著差异。然而，发现子宫内膜异位症与痛经、月经量过多、流产史、月经持续时间长、子女数量少、晚育以及使用口服避孕药缓解痛经显著相关（p≤0.05）。
目前结果表明，ABO和Rh血型与子宫内膜异位症风险无关。然而，子宫内膜异位症与其他因素之间存在强烈且显著的关联。
