Department of Nutrition, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Nutr J. 2024 Jan 31;23(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12937-024-00916-6.
The role of dietary intake on precocious puberty remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between the amount and frequency of dietary intake and the risk of precocious puberty in Chinese girls.
In this case-control study, we enrolled 185 precocious puberty girls and 185 age-matched controls. Their dietary intake was assessed through a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Their sociodemographic and lifestyle data were collected. The associations between dietary intake and risk of precocious puberty were assessed by conditional logistic regression models.
After multivariate adjustment, consuming a higher amount of red meat was associated with higher precocious puberty risk (OR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.25-6.02), while a higher frequency of fruit ( P for trend = 0.024) and amount of vegetable intake was associated with a lower risk of precocious puberty (P for trend = 0.002). The high vegetable and protein dietary pattern was significantly negatively associated with precocious puberty (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.63-0.97), whereas the high animal food and fruits dietary pattern was remarkably positively associated with precocious puberty (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.09-1.69), after adjusting for age and body mass index.
High vegetable and protein dietary pattern is a protective factor against precocious puberty, while high animal food and fruits dietary pattern is a risk factor for precocious puberty in Chinese girls. Attentions should be paid to a reasonable intake of red meat, eggs, and fruits in children's daily diet, increase their intake of vegetables, in order to reduce the risk of precocious puberty.
饮食摄入对性早熟的作用仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查中国女孩饮食摄入的数量和频率与性早熟风险之间的关系。
在这项病例对照研究中，我们纳入了 185 名性早熟女孩和 185 名年龄匹配的对照。通过半定量食物频率问卷评估他们的饮食摄入。收集他们的社会人口统计学和生活方式数据。使用条件逻辑回归模型评估饮食摄入与性早熟风险之间的关联。
经过多变量调整后，摄入更多的红肉与较高的性早熟风险相关（OR=2.74，95%CI：1.25-6.02），而较高的水果频率（P 趋势=0.024）和蔬菜摄入量与性早熟风险较低相关（P 趋势=0.002）。高蔬菜和蛋白质饮食模式与性早熟显著负相关（OR=0.78，95%CI：0.63-0.97），而高动物食品和水果饮食模式与性早熟显著正相关（OR=1.36，95%CI：1.09-1.69），调整年龄和体重指数后。
高蔬菜和蛋白质饮食模式是预防性早熟的保护因素，而高动物食品和水果饮食模式是中国女孩性早熟的危险因素。应注意儿童日常饮食中合理摄入红肉、鸡蛋和水果，增加蔬菜摄入量，以降低性早熟的风险。
