Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Adult, Child and Midwifery Department, School of Health and Education, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jun 28;17(13):4653. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134653.
In order to control the spread of COVID-19, people must adopt preventive behaviours that can affect their day-to-day life. People's self-efficacy to adopt preventive behaviours to avoid COVID-19 contagion and spread should be studied. The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically test the COVID-19 prevention, detection, and home-management self-efficacy scale (COVID-19-SES). We conducted an observational cross-sectional study. Six-hundred and seventy-eight people participated in the study. Data were collected between March and May 2020. The COVID-19-SES' validity (content, criterion, and construct), reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability), and legibility were studied. The COVID-19-SES' reliability was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.906; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.754). The COVID-19-SES showed good content validity (scale's content validity index = 0.92) and good criterion validity when the participants' results on the COVID-19-SES were compared to their general self-efficacy (r = 0.38; < 0.001). Construct validity analysis revealed that the COVID-19-SES' three-factor structure explained 52.12% of the variance found and it was congruent with the World Health Organisation's recommendations to prevent COVID-19 contagion and spread. Legibility analysis showed that the COVID-19-SES is easy to read and understand by laypeople. The COVID-19-SES is a psychometrically robust instrument that allows for a valid and reliable assessment of people's self-efficacy in preventing, detecting symptoms, and home-managing COVID-19.
为了控制 COVID-19 的传播，人们必须采取能够影响日常生活的预防措施。应该研究人们采取预防行为避免 COVID-19 感染和传播的自我效能。本研究的目的是开发和心理测量 COVID-19 预防、检测和家庭管理自我效能感量表（COVID-19-SES）。我们进行了一项观察性横断面研究。678 人参与了这项研究。数据收集于 2020 年 3 月至 5 月之间。研究了 COVID-19-SES 的有效性（内容、标准和结构）、可靠性（内部一致性和重测信度）和可读性。COVID-19-SES 的可靠性较高（Cronbach's alpha = 0.906；组内相关系数 = 0.754）。COVID-19-SES 具有良好的内容效度（量表的内容效度指数为 0.92），当将参与者在 COVID-19-SES 上的结果与其一般自我效能进行比较时，也具有良好的标准效度（r = 0.38；<0.001）。结构有效性分析表明，COVID-19-SES 的三因素结构解释了发现的 52.12%的方差，与世界卫生组织预防 COVID-19 感染和传播的建议一致。可读性分析表明，COVID-19-SES 易于普通民众阅读和理解。COVID-19-SES 是一种心理测量学上可靠的工具，可用于有效和可靠地评估人们预防、检测症状和在家管理 COVID-19 的自我效能。
