RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Musicology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Elife. 2024 Feb 9;13:e86386. doi: 10.7554/eLife.86386.
Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is classically linked to inhibitory control, emotion regulation, and reward processing. Recent perspectives propose that the OFC also generates predictions about perceptual events, actions, and their outcomes. We tested the role of the OFC in detecting violations of prediction at two levels of abstraction (i.e., hierarchical predictive processing) by studying the event-related potentials (ERPs) of patients with focal OFC lesions (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 14) while they detected deviant sequences of tones in a local-global paradigm. The structural regularities of the tones were controlled at two hierarchical levels by rules defined at a local (i.e., ) and at a global (i.e., ) level. In OFC patients, ERPs elicited by standard tones were unaffected at both local and global levels compared to controls. However, patients showed an attenuated mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a to local prediction violation, as well as a diminished MMN followed by a delayed P3a to the combined local and global level prediction violation. The subsequent P3b component to conditions involving violations of prediction at the level of global rules was preserved in the OFC group. Comparable effects were absent in patients with lesions restricted to the lateral PFC, which lends a degree of anatomical specificity to the altered predictive processing resulting from OFC lesion. Overall, the altered magnitudes and time courses of MMN/P3a responses after lesions to the OFC indicate that the neural correlates of detection of auditory regularity violation are impacted at two hierarchical levels of rule abstraction.
眶额皮层（OFC）与抑制控制、情绪调节和奖励处理密切相关。最近的观点提出，OFC 还可以对感知事件、动作及其结果做出预测。我们通过研究局灶性 OFC 损伤患者（n=12）和健康对照者（n=14）在局部-全局范式中检测音调偏差序列时的事件相关电位（ERP），测试了 OFC 在检测两个抽象层次（即层次预测处理）的预测违反中的作用。通过在局部（即 ）和全局（即 ）水平上定义的规则来控制音调的结构规则。与对照组相比，OFC 患者的标准音调诱发的 ERP 在局部和全局水平上均未受影响。然而，与对照组相比，患者对局部预测违反的 MMN 和 P3a 反应减弱，对局部和全局水平预测违反的 MMN 随后出现延迟的 P3a。涉及全局规则预测违反的条件下随后的 P3b 成分在 OFC 组中保留。在外侧 PFC 损伤限于损伤的患者中，没有类似的效应，这使得由于 OFC 损伤而导致的改变的预测处理具有一定程度的解剖特异性。总体而言，OFC 损伤后 MMN/P3a 反应幅度和时程的改变表明，听觉规律违反检测的神经相关性在两个规则抽象层次上受到影响。
