School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, #2, Tiyuan Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Feb 9;24(1):420. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-17660-5.
As life improves and sedentary time increases, young children's physical fitness gradually declines.
Multi-stage stratified whole cluster sampling was utilized to sample 5584 preschoolers. Young infants' morphology, function, and quality were revealed using cluster and factor analysis.
The cluster analysis separated 3-6-year-olds into two genders: 1,551 men in group A "high physical fitness" 1,499 men in group B "low physical fitness"; 1,213 women in group A and 1,321 women in group B. Young children's fitness was measured by standing long jump(1.00), weight(1.00), and height(1.00). A cluster analysis of 3-4-year-olds classified them into three groups: 272 "muscular strength," 75 "average physical fitness," and 250 "low agility." Young children's health depends on weight (1.00), height (0.57), and chest circumference (0.54). A cluster analysis of the 4-5-year-olds classified them into two groups: 1070 "balance" and 806 "muscular strength." Young children's health depends on weight (1.00), height (0.74), and chest circumference (0.71). A cluster analysis of the 5-6-year-olds divided them into three groups: 1762 "high physical fitness," 384 "obese," and 105 "low physical fitness." Young children's physical health depends on BMI (1.00), weight (1.00), and chest circumference (1.00). Factor analysis demonstrated that muscle strength, body shape, cardiovascular variables, and physical fitness composite components affected young children's health.
Women should focus on motor function and strength, while men on flexibility. Male group B "low physical fitness" should focus on strength, motor function, and balance, whereas male group A "high physical fitness" should focus on flexibility. Then, female group A "high physical fitness" should emphasize variety.2) For 3-4-year-olds, group A "muscular strength" should focus on flexibility, and group C "low agility" on motor function. 3) For 4-5-year-olds, group A "balanced" should focus on strength and motor function; 4) For 5-6-year-olds, group B "obese" should emphasize weight loss, and group C "low fitness" should emphasize strength, motor function, and flexibility; 5) Young children's physical fitness depends on muscle strength, body shape, cardiovascular factors, and physical fitness composite.
随着生活水平的提高和久坐时间的增加，幼儿的身体素质逐渐下降。
采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，抽取 5584 名学龄前儿童。采用聚类和因子分析揭示幼儿的形态、功能和素质。
聚类分析将 3-6 岁儿童分为两组：A 组“高身体素质”的 1551 名男性和 B 组“低身体素质”的 1499 名男性；A 组的 1213 名女性和 B 组的 1321 名女性。幼儿的身体素质通过立定跳远（1.00）、体重（1.00）和身高（1.00）来衡量。对 3-4 岁儿童的聚类分析将他们分为三组：272 名“肌肉力量”、75 名“平均身体素质”和 250 名“低敏捷性”。幼儿的健康取决于体重（1.00）、身高（0.57）和胸围（0.54）。对 4-5 岁儿童的聚类分析将他们分为两组：1070 名“平衡”和 806 名“肌肉力量”。幼儿的健康取决于体重（1.00）、身高（0.74）和胸围（0.71）。对 5-6 岁儿童的聚类分析将他们分为三组：1762 名“高身体素质”、384 名“肥胖”和 105 名“低身体素质”。幼儿的身体健康取决于 BMI（1.00）、体重（1.00）和胸围（1.00）。因子分析表明，肌肉力量、体型、心血管变量和身体素质综合成分影响幼儿健康。
女性应注重运动功能和力量，而男性应注重灵活性。B 组“低身体素质”的男性应注重力量、运动功能和平衡，而 A 组“高身体素质”的男性应注重灵活性。然后，A 组“高身体素质”的女性应强调多样性。2）对于 3-4 岁的儿童，A 组“肌肉力量”应注重灵活性，C 组“低敏捷性”应注重运动功能。3）对于 4-5 岁的儿童，A 组“平衡”应注重力量和运动功能；4）对于 5-6 岁的儿童，B 组“肥胖”应强调减肥，C 组“低体能”应强调力量、运动功能和灵活性；5）幼儿的身体素质取决于肌肉力量、体型、心血管因素和身体素质综合成分。
