Department of Cardiology, Anqing First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anqing, 246003, China.
The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024 Dec;202(12):5373-5383. doi: 10.1007/s12011-024-04103-w. Epub 2024 Feb 17.
Mercury (Hg) is detrimental to human health, but its impact on lipid biomarkers remains a subject of controversy. This study sought to delineate a clear link between blood Hg and lipid biomarkers correlated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), in hypertensive adults in the USA.
This cross-sectional research gathered data from a total of 4415 participants sourced from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The Holm-Bonferroni stepdown procedure was utilized to control the type I error rate in multiple comparisons. We employed multivariable linear regression models to assess the correlation between blood Hg and lipid biomarkers. Subsequently, subgroup analyses were conducted, categorized by both gender and race. Additionally, we used smooth curve fittings and generalized additive models to confirm the presence of non-linear relationships. When non-linearity was detected, we applied a recursive algorithm to calculate the inflection points. Finally, we established a weighted two-piecewise linear regression model to illustrate the associations on either side of the inflection point.
In our multivariable linear regression models, clear associations emerged. Specifically, positive correlations were observed between blood mercury and TC (β = 0.025; 95% CI 0.009 to 0.041; corrected P = 0.011), LDL-C (β = 0.022; 95% CI 0.007 to 0.036; corrected P = 0.012), and HDL-C (β = 0.007; 95% CI 0.001 to 0.013; corrected P = 0.058). However, there was no significant correlation with TG (β = - 0.007; 95% CI - 0.018 to 0.004; corrected P = 0.526). Notably, it has been demonstrated that distinct inverted U-shaped and U-shaped curves exist when stratified by gender in our analysis.
Blood Hg exhibited a positive correlation with TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C in hypertensive adults in the USA. Nonetheless, no significant association was observed with TG.
汞（Hg）对人体健康有害，但它对与心血管疾病（CVD）相关的脂质生物标志物的影响仍存在争议。本研究旨在阐明美国高血压成年人血液汞与总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和甘油三酯（TG）等相关脂质生物标志物之间的明确关联。
本横断面研究共从美国国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）中收集了 4415 名参与者的数据。采用 Holm-Bonferroni 逐步程序控制多重比较中的Ⅰ类错误率。我们采用多变量线性回归模型来评估血液汞与脂质生物标志物之间的相关性。随后，根据性别和种族进行了亚组分析。此外，我们还使用平滑曲线拟合和广义加性模型来确认是否存在非线性关系。当检测到非线性关系时，我们应用递归算法来计算拐点。最后，我们建立了一个加权两段线性回归模型，以说明拐点两侧的关联。
在多变量线性回归模型中，我们观察到了明确的关联。具体而言，血液汞与 TC（β=0.025；95%CI 0.009 至 0.041；校正后 P=0.011）、LDL-C（β=0.022；95%CI 0.007 至 0.036；校正后 P=0.012）和 HDL-C（β=0.007；95%CI 0.001 至 0.013；校正后 P=0.058）之间呈正相关。然而，与 TG（β=-0.007；95%CI-0.018 至 0.004；校正后 P=0.526）之间无显著相关性。值得注意的是，我们的分析表明，按性别分层时存在明显的倒 U 型和 U 型曲线。
美国高血压成年人的血液汞与 TC、LDL-C 和 HDL-C 呈正相关，但与 TG 无显著关联。
