Costantino Claudio, Bonaccorso Nicole, Minutolo Giuseppa, Sciortino Martina, Ripoli Giovanna, Berardi Marco, Gallo Maurizio, Nastasi Stefania, Serra Stefano, Trapani Elisa, Busalacchi Eugenio, Ficano Provvidenza, Siciliano Salvatore, Immordino Palmira, Mazzucco Walter, Restivo Vincenzo, Vitale Francesco, Casuccio Alessandra
Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Palermo Local Health Authority, Palermo, Italy.
Front Public Health. 2024 Feb 5;12:1335937. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1335937. eCollection 2024.
Tobacco use is responsible for over 7 million deaths annually, making smoking the leading cause of preventable mortality globally. Over the last two decades in Italy, the prevalence of smoking among physicians has consistently decreased, while it remains higher and is gradually decreasing among non-physician healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to investigate the Prevalence of smoking habits, attitudes, and knowledge on counteractive strategies among employees in the Primary Healthcare Facilities in the Province of Palermo, Italy.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted between June 2020 and December 2020 through a previously validated anonymous questionnaire structured in four sections including 34 items. Data were analyzed using Stata/MP 12.1 statistical software.
Overall, 2,645 participants answered the questionnaire. The prevalence of either current or former smokers was 18.6%. Based on the multivariable analysis conducted, a significantly higher frequency of current smokers was observed among male participants (AdjOR: 1.29; CI95%: 1.02-1.64) and those belonging to the Surgical Unit (AdjOR: 1.92; CI95%: 1.27-2.90). Conversely, the prevalence of current smokers was significantly lower among those with at least one child (AdjOR: 0.67; CI95%: 0.49-0.91), with an educational qualification equal to or greater than a graduation degree (AdjOR: 0.56; CI95%: 0.43-0.73), those who considered second-hand smoke harmful (AdjOR: 0.06; CI95%: 0.008-0.60), those who had observed smoking or detected the smell of smoke in their workplace (AdjOR: 0.64; CI95%: 0.45-0.91). Furthermore, the prevalence of current smokers was significantly lower among participants who believed that healthcare professionals could play a crucial role in influencing their patients' lifestyles (AdjOR: 0.67; CI95%: 0.50-0.90) and among those who recommend their patients to quit smoking (AdjOR: 0.35; CI95%: 0.24-0.51).
The results of the current research demonstrate that, despite the decline in smoking prevalence among physicians, the rate of smokers among healthcare facility employees remains unacceptably high. This underscores the need to re-evaluate current anti-tobacco strategies in the workplace.
烟草使用每年导致超过700万人死亡，使吸烟成为全球可预防死亡的主要原因。在意大利过去的二十年里，医生中的吸烟率持续下降，而非医生医护人员中的吸烟率仍然较高且呈逐渐下降趋势。本研究的目的是调查意大利巴勒莫省基层医疗设施员工的吸烟习惯、态度以及对反制策略的认知情况。
2020年6月至2020年12月期间，通过一份先前验证过的匿名问卷进行了横断面调查，问卷分为四个部分，共34个项目。使用Stata/MP 12.1统计软件对数据进行分析。
总体而言，2645名参与者回答了问卷。当前吸烟者或曾经吸烟者的比例为18.6%。根据进行的多变量分析，男性参与者（调整后的比值比：1.29；95%置信区间：1.02 - 1.64）和外科科室的参与者（调整后的比值比：1.92；95%置信区间：1.27 - 2.90）中当前吸烟者的频率显著更高。相反，在至少有一个孩子的参与者中（调整后的比值比：0.67；95%置信区间：0.49 - 0.91）、教育程度等于或高于本科学历的参与者中（调整后的比值比：0.56；95%置信区间：0.43 - 0.73）、认为二手烟有害的参与者中（调整后的比值比：0.06；95%置信区间：0.008 - 0.60）、在工作场所观察到吸烟或闻到烟味的参与者中（调整后的比值比：0.64；95%置信区间：0.45 - 0.91），当前吸烟者的比例显著更低。此外，认为医护人员在影响患者生活方式方面可发挥关键作用的参与者中（调整后的比值比：0.67；95%置信区间：0.50 - 0.90）以及向患者推荐戒烟的参与者中（调整后的比值比：0.35；95%置信区间：0.24 - 0.51），当前吸烟者的比例也显著更低。
当前研究结果表明，尽管医生中的吸烟率有所下降，但医疗机构员工中的吸烟者比例仍然高得令人无法接受。这突出了重新评估当前工作场所反烟草策略的必要性。
