Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2024 Apr 15;63(16):e202401209. doi: 10.1002/anie.202401209. Epub 2024 Mar 12.
Self-propelled micro/nanomotors (MNMs) have shown great application potential in biomedicine, sensing, environmental remediation, etc. In the past decade, various strategies or technologies have been used to prepare and functionalize MNMs. However, the current preparation strategies of the MNMs were mainly following the pre-designed methods based on specific tasks to introduce expected functional parts on the various micro/nanocarriers, which lacks a universal platform and common features, making it difficult to apply to different application scenarios. Here, we have developed a modular assembly strategy based on host-guest chemistry, which enables the on-demand construction of imaging-trackable nanomotors mounted with suitable driving and imaging modules using a universal assembly platform, according to different application scenarios. These assembled nanomotors exhibited enhanced diffusion behavior driven by enzymatic reactions. The loaded imaging functions were used to dynamically trace the swarm motion behavior of assembled nanomotors with corresponding fuel conditions both in vitro and in vivo. The modular assembly strategy endowed with host-guest interaction provides a universal approach to producing multifunctional MNMs in a facile and controllable manner, which paves the way for the future development of MNMs systems with programmable functions.
自推进微/纳米马达 (MNMs) 在生物医学、传感、环境修复等领域显示出巨大的应用潜力。在过去的十年中，人们已经使用了各种策略或技术来制备和功能化 MNMs。然而，目前 MNMs 的制备策略主要是基于特定任务的预设计方法，即在各种微/纳米载体上引入预期的功能部分，这缺乏通用的平台和共同的特点，难以应用于不同的应用场景。在这里，我们基于主客体化学开发了一种模块化组装策略，该策略允许使用通用组装平台根据不同的应用场景，按需构建装有合适驱动和成像模块的成像可追踪纳米马达。组装后的纳米马达在酶反应的驱动下表现出增强的扩散行为。负载的成像功能可用于在体外和体内的相应燃料条件下动态跟踪组装纳米马达的群集运动行为。基于主客体相互作用的模块化组装策略为以简单可控的方式生产多功能 MNMs 提供了一种通用方法，为具有可编程功能的 MNMs 系统的未来发展铺平了道路。
