ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Feb 25;51(1):362. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09258-2.
Pathogen-related proteins (PR) are pivotal in plant defense, combating diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. While multiple gene families contribute to banana resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f sp. cubense (Foc), Pseudocercospora eumusae, and Pratylenchus coffeae, the significance of PR-1 genes in defense is paramount.
Three PR-1 genes, up-regulated under diverse biotic stresses, were cloned from both resistant and susceptible cultivars of Foc, P. eumusae, and P. coffeae. Molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and docking studies with the Foc TR4 CP gene were conducted.
Through transcriptomic and real-time studies, three PR-1 genes (Ma02_g15050, Ma02_g15060, and Ma04_g34800) from Musa spp. were identified. These genes exhibited significant up-regulation in resistant cultivars when exposed to Foc, P. eumusae, and P. coffeae. Cloning of these genes was successfully performed from both resistant and susceptible cultivars of Foc race 1 and TR4, P. eumusae, and P. coffeae. Distinct characteristics were observed among the PR-1 genes, with groups 1 and 2 being acidic with signal peptides, and group 3 being basic without signal peptides. All cloned PR-1 proteins belonged to the CAP superfamily (PF00188). Phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering patterns for acidic PR-1 proteins, and KEGG orthology showed associations with vital pathways, including MAPK signaling, plant hormone signal transduction, and plant-pathogen interaction. Secondary and tertiary structure analyses confirmed sequence conservation across studied species. Docking studies explored interactions between the cerato-platanin (CP) gene from Foc TR4 and Ma02_g15060 from banana, suggesting the potential hindrance of PR-1 antifungal activity through direct interaction.
The findings underscore the crucial role of cloned PR-1 genes in banana plant defense mechanisms against a broad spectrum of biotic stresses. These genes, especially those in groups 1 and 2, hold promise as candidates for developing stress-tolerant banana cultivars. The study provides valuable insights into the molecular aspects of banana defense strategies, emphasizing the potential applications of PR-1 genes in enhancing banana resilience.
病原体相关蛋白（PR）在植物防御中起着关键作用，可抵抗多种生物和非生物胁迫。尽管多个基因家族有助于香蕉抵抗尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型（Foc）、拟茎点霉和咖啡短体线虫，但 PR-1 基因在防御中的重要性是至关重要的。
从 Foc、P. eumusae 和 P. coffeae 的抗性和感病品种中克隆了三个在多种生物胁迫下上调表达的 PR-1 基因。进行了分子特征分析、系统发育分析和与 Foc TR4 CP 基因的对接研究。
通过转录组学和实时研究，从 Musa spp. 中鉴定出三个 PR-1 基因（Ma02_g15050、Ma02_g15060 和 Ma04_g34800）。这些基因在抗性品种中受到 Foc、P. eumusae 和 P. coffeae 处理时显著上调。从 Foc 1 号和 TR4 型、P. eumusae 和 P. coffeae 的抗性和感病品种中成功克隆了这些基因。PR-1 基因之间存在明显的特征差异，第 1 组和第 2 组为酸性，带有信号肽，第 3 组为碱性，不带信号肽。所有克隆的 PR-1 蛋白都属于 CAP 超家族（PF00188）。系统发育分析显示酸性 PR-1 蛋白聚类模式，KEGG 直系同源显示与重要途径的关联，包括 MAPK 信号转导、植物激素信号转导和植物-病原体相互作用。二级和三级结构分析证实了研究物种之间的序列保守性。对接研究探讨了 Foc TR4 的 cerato-platanin（CP）基因与香蕉 Ma02_g15060 之间的相互作用，表明通过直接相互作用可能会阻碍 PR-1 的抗真菌活性。
研究结果强调了克隆的 PR-1 基因在香蕉植物防御机制中对抗多种生物胁迫的关键作用。这些基因，特别是第 1 组和第 2 组的基因，有望成为培育抗胁迫香蕉品种的候选基因。该研究提供了对香蕉防御策略分子方面的深入了解，强调了 PR-1 基因在增强香蕉弹性方面的潜在应用。
